Find Books

This section will introduce several "how-to" books on business to help you get started with your research. These books will primarily introduce you to business plan writing. These books will also introduce general business types such as retail and service business models.

 

Find Books Using Relevant Subject Headings

• E-commerce.
• E-business.
• Electronic commerce.
• Internet shopping.
• Online retail.
• Online commerce.
• Mobile commerce.
• Wholesale trade.
• Distributors (Commerce).
• Business planning.
• New business enterprises -- Management.
• Small business -- Management.

 

Google Books 
Google Books is a search feature offered by Google. It enables users to search the full text of approximately 10 million books that Google has scanned and stored in its digital database. It also offers previews of books that are currently still in print.

Worldcat 
A global catalogue of library collections from various libraries around the world. You can search for books on business planning, new enterprises, start-ups, or your specific industry. You can search for all the locations with copies of a specific item, and then locate the item in a nearby library. In Worldcat, you can also view research articles and other digital content directly online.

 

 

illume
A search portal to BC's post-secondary and public library collections (93 libraries). 

Find Business Plans

In the page below you will find examples of successful business plans. Researching your business plan can be a very time-consuming experience, but it is an essential and worthwhile investment. Your business plan will become your most important day to day operating tool. The information resources and strategies in this guide will help you create an effective plan and increase your chances for business success.

Review Sample Plans for Ideas

Most books about starting a business will include examples of business plans, as well as business planning templates. In addition to books, online business resources frequently include sample business plans. Here are a few to get you started.

 

Business Plans

Bplans.com
This site offers a selection of free sample business plans, as well as articles on business planning. Bplans.com also sells business planning software.

• E-Commerce Internet Business Plan - Firestarters
• E-Commerce Retailer Business Plan - Nature’s Candy
• E-Commerce Start-Up Business Plan - NoHassleReturn.com
• E-Commerce Fabric Store Business Plan - Gaian Adventure Fabric and Notions
• Mail Order Returns Business Plan - QuickReturns
• Wholesale Bicycle Distributor Business Plan - Wheelie Deals
• Wholesale Food Business Plan - Justin Seafood Market
• Wholesale Juice Business Plan - Oasis Juice
• Wholesale Landscape Business Plan - Glen Mar Forest Products
• Coffee Distribution Business Plan - The Coffee Warehouse

 

Business Plans Handbook, Gale Publishing
This is a database of actual business plans written by North American entrepreneurs seeking financing for their businesses. Includes examples of many start-up business ideas. Access is available through many BC public libraries, made possible by a generous donation from the Sutherland Foundation. Affiliates of UBC can start here.

• Greenland, P. (2022). Etsy Shop. In D. Craft (Ed.), Business Plans Handbook (Vol. 53, pp. 61-69). Gale. 
• Greenland, P. (2020). Nonprofit e-Commerce Business. In D. Craft (Ed.), Business Plans Handbook (Vol. 47, pp. 115-121). Gale.
• Rekve, G. (2007). E-Commerce Website Producer. In L. M. Pearce (Ed.), Business Plans Handbook (Vol. 12, pp. 65-69). Gale. 
• Moore, C. (2019). Wholesale Meat Company. In D. Craft (Ed.), Business Plans Handbook (Vol. 43, pp. 127-135). Gale.

 

SCORE
SCORE is a non profit association helping small businesses. Their library includes templates for business plans, SWOT analysis, financial projections and more.

• 21 Steps to Starting a Retail Store
• Building an E-commerce Based Small Business (Recorded Webinar)
• Planning Tips to Make Your E-Commerce Business Thrive During Peak Season (Recorded Webinar)
• Choose the Right E-Commerce Technology to Grow Your Small Business (Recorded Webinar)
• Sell Online with E-Commerce Tools (Recorded Webinar)
• A Small Business Guide to Buying Wholesale

 

Business Plan Template And Cash Flow Forecasting Tool
Our friends at Small Business BC provide two valuable tools in one download: the first is a well-structured business plan template that will help communicate what you plan to do, and how you plan to do it, while the second is a spreadsheet you can fill in to, among other things, project costs and expenses using common line items. These tools will set you on your way to being able to present your business plan to funders. 

 

Marketing Plans

Marketing Plan Outline from Government of Canada |This Government of Canada page reviews the components of a marketing plan and why a marketing plan is necessary for your small business. 

BDC Marketing Plan Template | This comprehensive marketing plan template from BDC is for Canadian entrepreneurs specifically and includes all the important sections of a marketing plan, including an executive summary, identification of your target customer, and how you'll measure your sales.

Small Business BC - How to Write a Marketing Plan
This guide shows you how to develop a marketing plan that includes details like how you intend to meet your customers’ needs and communicate the benefits of your products or services to them. When making any decisions about market positioning, pricing, promotions, and sales, your customers should always be top of mind.

Find Capital

In this section you will find links to information on funding for your business. No business can function without money to pay for overhead expenses and production or product costs. It is also unusual for a business founder to have the capital to fully fund their business. The sources in this section will help you consider the best source of funding for your business.

 

Other Suggestions for Obtaining Capital

With proper planning and a few resources to guide you on your way, identifying and securing capital to start and grow your business becomes a much smoother and gentler process. There are several ways to secure the capital needed to fund your business.

 

Government Funding

This is money that the government gives you to fund your business, based on your application to the funding grant. There are other types of government assistance you might wish to explore here: Business Grants and Financing.

Personal Savings

This involves saving your money from your current employment to invest in your business.

Personal Loans

This option means using your personal credit to secure a loan or using your personal credit card for business expenses.

Crowdfunding/Micro-Lending

Crowdfunding and micro-lending are both alternative ways of raising capital that involve having large groups of people pre-buy your product before it is launched or loan you small amounts that you can then use to finance your business.

Private Financing/Equity Financing

This type of financing comes in the form of loans from banks or individuals. It is obtained through your business’ credit availability or through providing equity in your business in exchange for money. This financing involves going into debt or giving up some control of your business.

Below, we have some resources that can help you find funding options for your business:

• Fundica
• Funding and Grants Database
• Innovation Canada

The Canadian Trade Commissioner Service - Global Markets Support Program
Offers a variety of funding and financing options for Canadian businesses with the potential to engage in global trade and international commerce.

Industry Codes: The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)

At the start of your research, it may not be clear what specific industry you should be examining. A good strategy is to find out if your business idea is classified in an industrial classification system. These systems organize industries by assigning them a numeric code. The most commonly used system is the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Once you know your Industry Classification Code you can use this number to:

• Find industry-specific statistics on government websites or in library databases
• Generate lists of competitors in company directories

Another common classification system is the Standard Industry Code (SIC). NAICS have mostly replaced the SIC, but the SIC is still used by some commercial databases. Finding and using these classification systems to effectively search can be tricky, so don't hesitate to ask a librarian for help.

Start With These Suggestions

​​

Search or browse all NAICS or SIC codes on the NAICS Association website. Some NAICS codes are different in Canada — you can search by keyword or browse Canadian NAICS codes at Statistics Canada or Canadian Industry Statistics. To search for a SIC code using a NAICS code and vice versa, use the NAICS & SIC Crosswalks.   

For more information about planning your industry research, including identifying your industry codes, check out the video tutorial for Module 3: Planning Your Industry Research.

Library Databases

The Expensive World Of Business Information

Believe it or not, you cannot find everything on Google! Have you ever done an online search and found the perfect industry report only to find that it costs over $5,000? Did you know that libraries pay for many expensive databases that could be helpful in your secondary market research? 

Search engines like Google can only provide direct access to freely available information. Most of the web, including business information, lives in databases behind expensive paywalls. This paywall-protected section of the Internet is known as the deep web. Fortunately, some libraries pay to subscribe to databases so they can provide free access to their patrons — and many business databases can contain useful information such as articles, market research, and company reports.

There are several strategies you can use to access relevant business information on the deep web. First, we urge you to look up what business resources your local public or academic library can provide access to. Each database has its own arrangement, with unique interfaces and search features. It helps to know the structure and search terms of the specific database you are working with in order to retrieve effective results. 

Also, it is important to know that library databases are restricted by specific usage agreements. It can help to consult with a librarian if you have trouble navigating a specific database. They may also be able to help you find comparable information elsewhere. Libraries with robust business collections might have useful e-books, directories and trade journals. As you conduct your secondary market research you will likely need to consult both free and deep web resources.

For more information about how and why to use business databases, check out our video tutorial, Module Four: Conducting Your Industry Research.

 

UBC Library Business Databases

How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you may have access to business databases through the David Lam Management Research Library and Canaccord Learning Commons through the links below.

Full Listing By Title or Full Listing By Subject

There are two different ways to identify databases: Use "by title" if you already know the name; otherwise you can search the list "by subject" to find starting places for undertaking market research, finding articles or researching companies. To learn more about how you can access library resources if you are a community user or temporary visitor, check out the UBC Library Community Users & Visitors Guide. Community users and temporary visitors may have additional access restrictions to specific databases because of license agreements.

 

Provincial Library Database Partners

How to access: Check out the database list and note the License Participants to find out which institutions have access. Otherwise, contact your local post-secondary library to see what they offer.

BC Electronic Library Network (ELN) Research Databases

ELN licenses databases with partner academic libraries. These include LexisNexis, Canadian Newsstream, Hoovers, CBCA Business, ABI/INFORM Complete and others that may be of interest to business researchers.

 

ABI/INFORM Collection

How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource.

Created by ProQuest this database contains full-text articles from over 1,000 business magazines and journals that track business conditions, trends, management techniques, corporate strategies, and industry-specific topics.

• Bisceglia, M., & Padilla, J. (2023). On sellers' cooperation in hybrid marketplaces. Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, 32(1), 207-222. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/jems.12498
• Canada B2C ecommerce market report 2022: Market is expected to grow by 18.32% to reach $76.7 billion in 2022 - forecasts to 2026. (2022, Sep 28). NASDAQ OMX's News Release Distribution Channel. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection.
• Global B2C ecommerce market report 2022-2026: Increased digital dependency and the convenience of online platforms for buying. (2022, Oct 17). NASDAQ OMX's News Release Distribution Channel. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection.
• Hemmadi, M. (2022). Digital-commerce ecosystem has grown out but not up, investor’s analysis shows. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection.
• Demand for global E-commerce packaging market size to surpass USD 62.24 billion by 2026, exhibit a CAGR of 15.4% | E-commerce packaging industry trends, share, value, analysis & forecast report by facts & factors: With the introduction of the e-commerce market coupled with the growing number of populations with fast and reliable internet has given rise to uncapped market potential in e-commerce packaging. the key players are covered in the report with their sales, revenues and strategies are international paper company, DS smith PLC, mondi packaging, sealed air, spartan paperboard, and the box co-op, among others. (2022, Oct 05). NASDAQ OMX's News Release Distribution Channel. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection.
• Costco wholesale corporation announces quarterly cash dividend. (2022, Jul 13). NASDAQ OMX's News Release Distribution Channel. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection.
• Young, V. M. (2019). Wholesalers reveal strategies on tackling tariffs and shifting supply chains. Sourcing Journal (Online). Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection.
• Lucas, C. S., Cezarino, L. O., Lara, B. L., & Venkatesh, V. G. (2022). Wholesaler echelon and industry 4.0 in circular supply chains – a systematic review. Modern Supply Chain Research and Applications, 4(2), 141-158. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/MSCRA-10-2021-0019
• Pacific life recognizes wholesalers for contributions to the industry. (2022, Jul 15). Business Wire. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection.
• Muller, D. (2021). Findlay's auction centralizes wholesaling: Group leverages its size and brands to boost car swaps among stores. Automotive News, 95(7000), 38. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection.
• Feitelberg, R. (2020). L.L. bean CEO talks wholesaling in U.S. for first time: Women's wear daily. Wwd, , 2. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection.

 

Mergent Online

How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource.

Provides access to US and international public company data. This database also contains data on companies that were acquired, went bankrupt, liquidated or merged out of existence from 1995 forward. Users can compare companies and export data into programs like Excel.

 

BCC Research Centre

How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource. Otherwise, contact your local library to see if they provide access.

Publishes 250 reports annually that are complete with market intelligence, five-year forecasts, statistical and analytical data, key players, market share, industry structure and dynamics, and technological shifts and trends.

• BCC Research. (2022 September). Ecommerce & Other Non-Store Retailers Market Global Briefing 2022: Ukraine-Russia War Impact (Report Code: MKB028I). BCC Research. Retrieved from BCC Research Centre.
• BCC Research. (2022 May). Ecommerce & Other Non-Store Retailers Market Global Briefing 2022 (Report Code: MKB028H). BCC Research. Retrieved from BCC Research Centre.
• BCC Research. (2022, May). Wholesale Market Global Briefing 2022 (Report code MKB032H). BCC Research. Retrieved from BCC Research Centre.
• BCC Research. (2022, May). Retail And Wholesale Market Global Briefing 2022 (Report code MKB029H). BCC Research. Retrieved from BCC Research Centre.
• BCC Research. (2022, May). Non-Durable Goods Wholesalers Market Global Briefing 2022 (Report code MKB504B). BCC Research. Retrieved from BCC Research Centre.

 

Business Source Ultimate

How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource. Otherwise, contact your local library to see if they provide access.

Includes financial data, books, videos, company profiles, SWOT analyses, industry profiles, country reports, market research reports and case studies. Also includes information on industry trends, forecasts, outlooks, competitors, how to run a specific business and much more.

• Shaw, N., Eschenbrenner, B., & Baier, D. (2022). Online shopping continuance after COVID-19: A comparison of Canada, Germany and the United States. Journal of Retailing & Consumer Services, 69, N.PAG. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2022.103100. Retrieved from Business Source Ultimate database.
• MarketLine Company Profile: Amazon.com, Inc. (2022). In Amazon.com, Inc. MarketLine Company Profile (pp. 1–165). Retrieved from Business Source Ultimate database.
• RODRÍGUEZ MARTÍNEZ, E. (2019). Retail Apocalypse: As More & More Stateside Stored Close Due to Excessive Debt, Efforts to Grow Move Toward Embracing Online, Digital Sales. Caribbean Business, 5(17), 8–10. Retrieved from Business Source Ultimate database.
• E-commerce Platforms. (2022). CRM Magazine, 26(7), 42. Retrieved from Business Source Ultimate database.
• Davis, B. (2019). Canadian wholesale industry undergoing its own consolidation. Tire Business, 36(25), 13. Retrieved from Business Source Ultimate database.
• Barnes Reports: (NAICS 42311): Automobile & Other Vehicles Wholesale. (2022). United States Automobile & Other Vehicles Wholesale Industry Report, 1–196. Retrieved from Business Source Ultimate database.
• Barnes Reports: (NAICS 42481): Beer & Ale Wholesale Industry. (2022). United States Beer & Ale Wholesale Industry Report, 1–196. Retrieved from Business Source Ultimate database.
• Barnes Reports: (NAICS 42343): Computer & Equipment Wholesale Industry. (2022). United States Computer & Equipment Wholesale Industry Report, 1–196. Retrieved from Business Source Ultimate database.
• Barnes Reports: (NAICS 42441): General-Line Grocery Wholesale Industry. (2022). United States General-Line Grocery Wholesale Industry Report, 1–196. Retrieved from Business Source Ultimate database.
• Barnes Reports: (NAICS 42432): Men’s & Boys’ Clothing Wholesales Industry. (2021). United States Men’s & Boys’ Clothing Wholesales Industry Report, 1–196. Retrieved from Business Source Ultimate database.
• Barnes Reports: (NAICS 42433): Women’s & Children’s Clothing Wholesale. (2020). United States Women’s & Children’s Clothing Wholesale Industry Report, 1–196. Retrieved from Business Source Ultimate database.

 

First Research Industry Profiles

How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, or faculty you can access many of these reports through ABI/INFORM and/or Business Market Research Collection (Proquest).

Covers over 900 industry segments. Updated on a quarterly basis, these industry profiles contain critical analysis, statistics and forecasts to help you engage key prospects, coach key clients, and deepen customer relationships. You can search for reports by NAICS, SIC or keyword or browse by category.

• Susan, K. R. (2022, Oct 06). Loblaw expects growth in e-commerce to resume: President of Canada’s largest retailer says he believes recent decline in online sales is only temporary. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved from First Research Industry Profiles.
• Rivas, T. (2022). Shoppers are back in stores. what that means for E-commerce. Barron's (Online). Retrieved from First Research Industry Profiles.
• Walk-Morris, T. (2022). US online retail sales to reach $1.6 trillion by 2027: Report. Retail Dive. Retrieved from First Research Industry Profiles.
• Howland, D. (2022). Retailers grapple with e-commerce's drag on profits: Report. Retail Dive. Retrieved from First Research Industry Profiles.
• Ghosh, R. (2022, May 31). E-commerce continues to drive retail sales: 4 picks. Zacks Investment Research [BLOG]. Retrieved from First Research Industry Profiles.
• eBay recognizes canadian ecommerce excellence with 2021 entrepreneur of the year awards. (2021, Oct 13). PR Newswire. Retrieved from First Research Industry Profiles.
• Moore, D. (2021). You built an online store. now what?: Turns out the website is the easy part. canadian SMEs making the leap to e-commerce have found there is a lot more to selling online than a digital shopping cart. Retrieved from First Research Industry Profiles.
• Wholesale sector - quarterly update 6/20/2022. (2022). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection; Business Market Research Collection. Retrieved from First Research Industry Profiles database.
• Pacific life recognizes wholesalers for contributions to the industry. (2022, Jul 15). Business Wire. Retrieved from First Research Industry Profiles database.
• Computer & office equipment wholesalers - quarterly update 6/20/2022. (2022). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection; Business Market Research Collection. Retrieved from First Research Industry Profiles database.
• Industrial equipment wholesalers - quarterly update 6/13/2022. (2022). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection; Business Market Research Collection. Retrieved from First Research Industry Profiles database.
• Wholesale sector - quarterly update 11/22/2021. (2021). (). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection; Business Market Research Collection. Retrieved from First Research Industry Profiles database.
• Steel service centers & other metal wholesalers - quarterly update 7/11/2022. (2022). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection; Business Market Research Collection. Retrieved from First Research Industry Profiles database.
• Electrical, plumbing & hardware wholesalers - quarterly update 7/11/2022. (2022). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection; Business Market Research Collection. Retrieved from First Research Industry Profiles database.

 

IBISWorld Industry Reports

How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource.

IBISWorld research is an independent, professional publisher of high-quality market research reports. These reports analyze the underlying structure and external forces that drive an industry.

• Gonzales, E. (2022, September). IBISWorld. E-Commerce & Online Auctions in Canada : Canada Industry (NAICS) Report 45411aCA / Retail Trade. Retrieved from IBISWorld Industry Reports.
• Thomas, B. (2022, September). IBISWorld. E-Commerce & Online Auctions in the US : US Industry (NAICS) Report 45411A / Retail Trade. Retrieved from IBISWorld Industry Reports.
• Buchko, M. (2022, January). Canada Industry (NAICS) Report 41315CA / Wholesale Trade in Canada. Fruit & Vegetable Wholesaling in Canada. Retrieved from IBISWorld database.
• Kanada, S. (2021, January). Canada Industry (NAICS) Report 41319CA / Wholesale Trade in Canada. Frozen Food Wholesaling in Canada. Retrieved from IBISWorld database.
• Kanada, S. (2021, May). Canada Industry (NAICS) Report 41314CA / Wholesale Trade in Canada. Fish & Seafood Wholesaling in Canada. Retrieved from IBISWorld database.
• Kanada, S. (2021, March). Canada Industry (NAICS) Report 41731CA / Wholesale Trade in Canada. Computer & Packaged Software Wholesaling in Canada. Retrieved from IBISWorld database.
• Buchko, M. (2021, March). Canada Industry (NAICS) Report 41721CA / Wholesale Trade in Canada. Construction & Forestry Equipment Wholesaling in Canada. Retrieved from IBISWorld database.
• Buchko, M. (2021, April). Canada Industry (NAICS) Report 41831CA / Wholesale Trade in Canada. Agricultural Feed Wholesaling in Canada. Retrieved from IBISWorld database.
• Kanada, S. (2020, December). Canada Industry (NAICS) Report 41793ACA / Wholesale Trade in Canada. Medical Supplies Wholesaling in Canada. Retrieved from IBISWorld database.
• Kanada, S. (2020, December). Canada Industry (NAICS) Report 25391CA / Retail Trade in Canada. Warehouse Clubs & Supercentres in Canada. Retrieved from IBISWorld database.
• Diment, D. (2021, August). US Industry (NAICS) Report 42 / Wholesale Trade. Wholesale Trade in the US. Retrieved from IBISWorld database.
• Diment, D. (2021, October). US Industry (NAICS) Report 42512 / Wholesale Trade. Wholesale Trade Agents and Brokers in the US . Retrieved from IBISWorld database.
• Thomas, B. (2022, May). US Industry (NAICS) Report 42441 / Wholesale Trade. Grocery Wholesaling in the US. Retrieved from IBISWorld database.
• Ardito, J. (2021, November). US Industry (NAICS) Report 45291 / Retail Trade. Warehouse Clubs & Supercenters in the US. Retrieved from IBISWorld database.

 

Marketresearch.com/Freedonia Focus

How to access: Check your local public or academic library to see about access. If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource.

While you can search this website only some Canadian libraries provide full-text access to the market research reports on industries and demographics for North American industries. They can range from 50 to 400+ pages in length, and contain charts, tables, and graphs, and key facts. Marketresearch.com has varied industry coverage and includes US and international information.

• Freedonia Focus Reports. (2022, August). E-Commerce: United States. Retrieved from Marketresearch.com Academic.
• Freedonia Focus Reports. (2019, April). E-Commerce: Canada. Retrieved from Marketresearch.com Academic.
• Freedonia Focus Reports. (2019, March). Global E-Commerce. Retrieved from Marketresearch.com Academic.
• Packaged Facts. (2021, July). The Future of Grocery: Online Grocery, Meal Kits, & Direct-to-Consumer Food. Retrieved from Marketresearch.com Academic.
• Packaged Facts. (2019, May). Global Food E-Commerce. Retrieved from Marketresearch.com Academic.
• Freedonia Focus Reports. (2021, August). Industrial Supplies Wholesale: United States. Retrieved from MarketResearch.com Academic.
• Packaged Facts. (2020, February). U.S. Pet Market Focus: Mass Market Channel Shoppers. Retrieved from MarketResearch.com Academic.

 

Business Market Research Collection (Proquest)

How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource.

Business Market Research Collection brings together four sources to help students more easily conduct the research they need to produce business plans, marketing plans, startup plans, market growth analysis, and strategic and financial plans. Includes access to: Hoover's Company Profiles, OxResearch, Barnes Reports, and the older Snapshots Series, which includes market research overviews on over 40 industries and 40 countries to 2008.

• Internet & mail-order retail - quarterly update 9/12/2022. (2022). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from Business Market Research Collection.
• Nonstore retail - quarterly update 9/12/2022. (2022). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from Business Market Research Collection.
• Nonstore retail - quarterly update 8/15/2022. (2022). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from Business Market Research Collection.
• Retail sector - quarterly update 7/25/2022. (2022). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from Business Market Research Collection.
• Internet & mail-order retail - quarterly update 6/20/2022. (2022). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from Business Market Research Collection.
• Warehouse clubs & superstores - quarterly update 5/30/2022. (2022). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from Business Market Research Collection. 
• Tire wholesalers - quarterly update 6/27/2022. (2022). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from Business Market Research Collection. 
• Electrical products wholesalers - quarterly update 6/20/2022. (2022). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from Business Market Research Collection. 
• Computer & office equipment wholesalers - quarterly update 6/20/2022. (2022). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from Business Market Research Collection. 
• Industrial equipment wholesalers - quarterly update 6/13/2022. (2022). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from Business Market Research Collection. 
• Steel service centers & other metal wholesalers - quarterly update 7/11/2022. (2022). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from Business Market Research Collection.

 

Statista

How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource.

A simple to use statistics portal that integrates statistics from thousands of sources, on topics related to business, media, public policy, health and others. Statistics can be exported in PPT, XLS, PDF, and PNG formats. Some basic content available for free.

• Coppola, D. (2022, Oct.). E-commerce Worldwide. Retrieved from Statista database.
• Statista. (2021, Jun). eCommerce report 2021. Retrieved from Statista database.
• Statista Research Department. (2022, Oct.). Retail e-commerce revenue in Canada from 2017 to 2025 (in billion U.S. dollars). Retrieved from Statista database.
• Statista Research Department. (2022, Oct.). Value of monthly e-commerce retail sales in Canada from January 2016 to July 2022 (in million Canadian dollars). Retrieved from Statista database.
• Statista Research Department. (2022, Aug.). Fashion e-commerce revenue in Canada from 2017 to 2025, by segment (in billion U.S. dollars). Retrieved from Statista database.
• Coppola, D. (2022, Oct.).Average number of monthly visits to leading e-commerce websites in Canada in 2022 (in millions). Retrieved from Statista database.
• Statista Research Department. (2022, Aug.). Share of fashion e-commerce users in Canada 2021, by age. Retrieved from Statista database.
• Statista Research Department. (2022, Aug.). Distribution of fashion e-commerce users in Canada in 2021, by gender. Retrieved from Statista database.
• Simonato, C. (2022, June 8). Sales of farm, lawn and garden machinery and equipment merchant wholesalers in Canada from 2012 to 2021. Retrieved from Statista database.
• Simonato, C. (2022, May 10). Canada’s wholesale trade GDP 2012-2022. Retrieved from Statista database.
• Simonato, C. (2022, May 10). Monthly gross domestic product for personal and household goods wholesale distributors in Canada from 2015 to 2022. Retrieved from Statista database.
• Simonato, C. (2022, May 10). Monthly gross domestic product for food, beverage and tobacco wholesale distributors in Canada from 2015-2022. Retrieved from Statista database.
• Simonato, C. (2022, May 10). Sale of textile, clothing and footwear merchant wholesalers in Canada from 2012 to 2021. Retrieved from Statista database.
• Simonato, C. (2022, May 10). Monthly gross domestic product for farm product wholesale distributors in Canada from 2015 to 2022. Retrieved from Statista database.
• Simonato, C. (2022, May 10). Monthly gross product for motor vehicle and parts wholesale distributors in Canada from 2015 to 2022. Retrieved from Statista database.
• Statista Research Department. (2022, April 12). Estimated number of consumers with mass merchants’ memberships in the United States in 2022.

 

WARC: World Advertising Research Center

How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource.

WARC has case studies from major companies and advertising agencies, as well as articles from leading advertising journals and unpublished papers. It also includes company profiles, advertising spending statistics, and demographic and economic data.

• WARC Best Practice. (2021, Dec.). What we know about e-commerce and social commerce. Retrieved from WARC database.
• Clapp, R. n.d. 25% of marketers are merging e-commerce and digital branding teams. Retrieved from WARC database.
• Euromonitor. (2022, Jan.) The future of food retail: A spotlight on e-commerce. Retrieved from WARC database.
• Jaju, M. (2021, June). E-commerce and the case for investing in brand building. Retrieved from WARC database.
• Euromonitor International. (2022, February). Top business risks in 2022: Omicron, supply chain and inflation. Retrieved from WARC database.
• Spence, G. (2021, October 13). Is direct-to-consumer the right approach for brands? Retrieved from WARC database.

 

Newspapers and News Sources - UBC Library Research Guide

How to access: The guide can be viewed through the link below. Individual resources and databases will have different access requirements.

UBC Library has an excellent collection of current and historical newspapers from B.C., Canada, and around the world. UBC affiliates will have access to these resources.

• Susan, K. R. (2022, Oct 06). Loblaw expects growth in e-commerce to resume: President of Canada’s largest retailer says he believes recent decline in online sales is only temporary. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved from Canadian Newsstream database.
• Hemmadi, M. (2022). Digital-commerce ecosystem has grown out but not up, investor’s analysis shows. Retrieved from Canadian Newsstream database.
• Waddell, D. (2021, Oct 28). E-commerce pivot allowed business to survive: Owner; local entrepreneurs rapidly adapted to online sales, tech firm economist says. The Windsor Star. Retrieved from Canadian Newsstream database.
• Moore, D. (2021). You built an online store. now what?: Turns out the website is the easy part. canadian SMEs making the leap to e-commerce have found there is a lot more to selling online than a digital shopping cart. Retrieved from Canadian Newsstream database.
• Hannay, C., & Susan, K. R. (2021). 'It was kind of a blessing': Five independent businesses on what they learned from adopting e-commerce during the pandemic: Companies that jumped into e-commerce for the first time during the pandemic reveal what worked and what they learned from their challenges. Retrieved from Canadian Newsstream database.
• Kline, J. (2021, Feb 06). Canadian retailers need to join 21st century. National Post. Retrieved from Canadian Newsstream database.
• Statistics Canada Says Wholesale Trade Rises in May. (2022, Jun 15). MT. Newswires. Retrieved from Nexis Uni database.
• Statistics canada says wholesale sales rose 0.5 per cent to record in may. (2021, Jul 16). The Canadian Press. Retrieved from Canadian Newsstream database.
• U.S. wholesale inventories unrevised in august. (2021, Oct 8). National Post (Online). Retrieved from Canadian Newsstream database.
• Strained supply chains keep U.S. producer prices hot. (2021, Sep 10). National Post (Online). Retrieved from Canadian Newsstream database.
• U.S. wholesale inventories rise; inventories-to-sales ratio lowest in seven years. (2021). (2021, Sep 10). National Post (Online). Retrieved from Canadian Newsstream database.

Industry News

In this section we have gathered some of the most popular information sources, such as trade journals, magazines, blogs, and association websites. Industry information is always changing. For the latest news, current issues and popular opinions, try following one or more of these sources. In addition, interacting with the websites that provide this information through commenting and asking questions may also provide you with more information.

 

Associations

Trade associations often publish free industry newsletters that are excellent sources of information for your business plan. Such newsletters often have articles that cover in-depth topics on business management, manufacturing practices, how-tos, and current industry news.

Canadian Associations

Retail Council of Canada | RCC is a not-for-profit, industry-funded association representing more than 43,000 store fronts of all retail formats across Canada, including department, specialty, discount, and independent stores, and online merchants. Sign up to receive their weekly e-Newsletter.

Global Distribution Alliance (GDA) | The Global Distribution Alliance (GDA) is a partnership of over 100 leading logistics and transportation companies.

International Associations

Internet Merchants Association | The mission of the IMA is to develop, promote, and to protect the economic vitality of internet merchants through a positive business environment and to foster a climate in which commerce, industry and technology will flourish.

Retail Industry Leaders Association (RILA) | A US trade association for retailers to collaborate and share expertise. RILA’s aim is to elevate the industry by transforming the environment in which retailers operate. The blog is regularly updated with posts covering a variety of topics related to the retail industry.

National Online Retailers Association (NORA) | This Australian online retailers association has a growing membership of more than 19,000. NORA TV includes links to their webinars and podcasts related to the retail industry.

National Association of Wholesaler-Distributors (NAW) | NAW is a US-based association for persons conducting business in the wholesale trade industry.

AD | A member-owned organization, AD has over 5,000 branches and is North America’s largest marketing/buying group for construction and industrial supplies

 

Magazines & Trade Journals

Trade associations often publish free industry newsletters that are excellent sources of information for business planning. Such newsletters often have articles that cover in-depth topics on business management, manufacturing practices, how-tos, and current industry news.

Ecommerce Insider | This free magazine made available via Canada Post is for businesses of all sizes. Get inspiration, data-driven insights, fresh ideas and actionable recommendations to help you make informed decisions.

Retail Insider the magazine | Published quarterly the magazine is an extension of Retail Insider and is dedicated to covering topics around Canada’s retail industry.

ECommerce Times | This online resource covers topics in e-commerce including news and trends.

Practical ECommerce | Starting as a print magazine in 2005, Practical ECommerce has since moved online to provide reliable ecommerce resources to help merchants improve their online businesses.

B2B Wholesaler Magazine | A magazine exclusively covering the business to business side of wholesaling.

 

Consultant & Other Websites

MarketWatch - Industry Analyzer | The Industries section contains current data on Dow Jones Industry Sectors. Aggregate data as well as company-specific data is available.

PriceWaterhouse Coopers Canada (PwC) | Global consultancy firm that produces reports on the state of various industries.

Firsthand | A free source of industry information. Use the Industry Profiles to research growing industries and best industries by major, and Company Rankings and Profiles to find news, company information, and industry-specific sample professions. Basic monthly membership is free and offers access to blogs, discussion forums, and job listings.

Skilled Immigrant InfoCentre | This free resource created by the Vancouver Public Library is an online and in-person resource that helps newcomers to Canada find information to get a job, explore different careers or start a business.

Retail Insider | Canada's most-read online retail industry publication covering a range of topics within Canada’s retail industry. 

Digital Commerce 360 | Industry news and reports, membership required for access to some research. 

Ecommerce Guide | Lists all the latest ecommerce platform reviews, news, ecommerce jobs and product launches from around the world.

Retail Customer Experience | US based news, resources and webinars. Divided into multiple topic areas, check out the E-commerce/Online & Mobile Shopping section. 

Retail Dive | News stories and analysis covering all aspects of the retail industry.

 

Blogs & Discussion Forums 

Blogs

Ecommerce Conversations | This weekly podcast is hosted by Beardbrand founder and CEO Eric Bandholz, who speaks with inspirational entrepreneurs and executives on the realities of online selling.

Wholesaler Mastermind | Over 400 blog posts with tips and advice on how to succeed as a wholesaler.

Handshake Blog | Created by Shopify, the blog posts range from topics about starting a business, a glossary of terms, and more

Wholesale Helper | Categorizes blog posts into helpful segments including guides, checklists, tips & tricks, and how to’s.

Podcasts

The Voice of Retail Podcast | A weekly podcast hosted by retail pioneer, senior retail advisor and keynote speaker Michael LeBlanc and produced in conjunction with Retail Council of Canada.

Retail Remix Podcast | A weekly podcast featuring guest speakers with experience as practitioners, analysts, and innovators in retail.

eCommerce MasterPlan Podcast | New episodes every Monday, this podcast interviews inspiring founders and is filled with tips and ideas.

Make it Big Podcast | This biweekly podcast gathers global thought leaders to discuss all things ecommerce.

Wholesale Hotline | Covers a wide range of topics relevant to wholesaling.In each episode, they tackle real-life situations with creative solutions, break everything down into simple steps you can take immediately to boost your business, get more contracts signed, and how to do more deals.

The New Wholesalers Masterminds Radio Show | Experts are gathered to share their thoughts on this podcast that’s custom designed just for financial services wholesalers and their leaders.

The Wholesale Change Show | Hosted by industry veterans Ian Heller and Jonathan Bein, debate timely and tough topics affecting businesses in wholesale distribution channels.

Discussion Forums

Digital Point eCommerce Forum | This online forum has members from across the globe to discuss various ecommerce topics ranging from growing a business to marketing advice to the best platform suited for your business.

Reddit ecommerce - Online Store Owners | This community is for anyone interested in the operations of ecommerce sites. Ask your questions on marketing, seo, products, checkout, conversions, etc. 

Wholesale Forum | An active discussion forum for wholesalers, dropshippers, manufacturers, distributors and trade services providers.

The Wholesale Forums | Stay connected with other wholesale business owners, buyers and sellers from around the world.

TopTenWholesale | Provides a space for wholesale buyers to connect with suppliers around the world.

The Supplier Central | An active forum for the eCommerce community to discuss advice, trends and ask questions.

 

TIP: As with all sources, news articles and blogs should be carefully evaluated. For information on how to evaluate your information, watch video tutorial Module Five: Using Information Responsibly.

Government Websites

In this section we have gathered some of the most reliable freely available online government and employment websites for you to use in your research.

 

Canadian Websites

BC Stats | Current reports and statistics from British Columbia's central statistical agency including labour market information, economic statistics and bankruptcies. Start by searching their Industry section and narrowing by industry type or go to the Business, Industry & Trade page to skim all the different business-related topics.

 

Government of Canada - Business and Industry | The Government of Canada's comprehensive page for business and industry guides you through important information on starting a business. You will find necessary permits and information on tax and regulation, as well as advice on how to protect your intellectual property through copyright or trademark, a primer for selling to the federal government, information on importing and exporting goods, and advice on managing and protecting your business operations. 

• Starting a business 
• Overview of federal government Services for Small Business 
• Importing into Canada

 

Government of Canada - E-commerce | Canada’s Trade Commissioner Service’s page on e-commerce provides a variety of information and can help Canadian businesses that are looking to sell their products online in international markets.

• Spotlight on E-Commerce

 

Statistics Canada Data | Formerly known as CANSIM, Statistics Canada's key socioeconomic database is updated daily. It is free to search the data tables.

• Retail e-commerce sales (x 1,000)
• Amusement and recreation, e-commerce sales
• Electronic commerce and electronic orders, by type of payment and geography
• Online orders received and purchases made for goods and services, by industry and size of enterprise
• Wholesale trade, sales
• Annual wholesale trade survey, financial estimates
• Wholesale sales, price and volume, by industry, seasonally adjusted (x 1,000,000)
• Wholesale services price index, monthly
• Historical (real-time) releases of wholesale trade, inventories (x 1,000)
• Wholesale trade, commodities based on North American Product Classification System Canada 2017 (x 1,000)

 

Canadian Industry Statistics (CIS) - Industry Canada | CIS analyses industry data on many economic indicators using the most recent data from Statistics Canada. CIS looks at industry trends and financial information, such as GDP, Labour Productivity, Manufacturing and Trade data.

• Non-store retailers - 454
• Electronic Shopping and mail-order houses - 4541
• Electronic shopping and mail-order houses - 45411
• Wholesale trade - 41
• Farm product merchant wholesalers - 411
• Food merchant wholesalers - 4131
• Personal goods merchant wholesalers - 4144

 

Innovation, Science, and Economic Development Canada
Provides market research, industry statistics, licensing information for intellectual property, and information about doing business internationally. The Industry Canada site features interactive applications such as customizable trade reports, cost calculators, and online business planning guides. You can also search broad Canadian industry statistics.

• Selling measured goods
• Buying measured goods

 

The Daily - Statistics Canada
The premier source for Canadian statistical information, including census information. Search 'The Daily' releases by subject to identify corresponding census tables, latest news, and publications. Similarly, you can browse by data source, including surveys & questionnaires relevant to your market research, which also link to census tables, latest news and publications.

• Digital technology and Internet use, 2021
• Annual retail trade, 2020
• Study: Retail e-commerce and COVID-19: How online shopping opened doors while many were closing
• Wholesale trade, May 2022
• Wholesale trade: Early Indicator, May 2022
• Wholesale Serves Price Index, First Quarter 2022
• Annual Wholesale Trade 2020

 

WorkBC | Find current employment outlooks, labour market information, relevant links, and a geographic representation of the BC workforce. Start by searching your Industry Profile.

• Wholesale Trade Industry Profile
• Retail and wholesale buyers (NOC 6222)
• Retail and wholesale trade managers (NOC 0621)

 

US & International Websites

Small Business Administration: Free Small Business Data
This site is created and managed by the US Small Business Administration (SBA) and provides a list of free sources of information that you can use to obtain data about markets in the US.

U.S. Customs and Border Protection: E-Commerce | This U.S site provides trade information, e-commerce resources, awareness guides for online sellers and more.

Regulations

Learn More About Compliance Issues

When it comes to starting a business, one of the first decisions you need to make is the legal structure of your business - sole proprietorship, partnership, limited liability partnership, or limited company. You'll also need to register your business and you'll need to be aware of many municipal, provincial or federal regulations. The websites in this section will help you.

Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada - Permits and Licenses Search

Search for the permits and licenses applicable to your industry and location to meet all federal, provincial and municipal regulations.

 

General Business Resources

BizPaL
This is the one-stop website to assist Canadian businesses that are just starting up, or expanding into new areas. BizPaL asks you a short series of questions about the nature and scope of your current or proposed business. Based on your answers, BizPaL provides you with a customized list of government permits and licences that you may require to operate your business. All of the information that you provide is kept anonymous, and you may save or print your results for future reference.

 

Canada Revenue Agency - Business
This section of the Canadian federal tax agency's website contains important taxation and documentation requirements that businesses operating in Canada must adhere to.

• Keeping records
• Business Number (BN) registration
• Business expenses

 

Small Business BC (SBBC)
SBBC is a great place to start for information on BC specific regulations and guidelines, for whatever stage you are in your business development. This is a great post on the topic.

 

The Province of British Columbia
Provides information on programs and resources available to small business owners in British Columbia. Includes information on taxes and industry regulations. Start with the Permits, Licences & Registrations section.

 

BC Business Registry

British Columbia's online Business Registry is a self-serve application allowing small business owners to complete provincial registrations or incorporations of their business, file name requests on behalf of their business, and store maintenance filings required by British Columbia. Anyone with a BC Registries account may also search for existing businesses and clients, providing access to business information and filings for co-operatives, benefit companies, sole proprietorships, and general partnerships. Use the Business Structures Wizard to help you!

Tips on Company Research

An in-depth investigation and analysis of your competition is one of the most important components of a comprehensive market analysis. A competitive analysis allows you to assess your competitors' strengths and weaknesses in the marketplace, and to implement effective strategies to improve your competitive advantage. Here are some research strategies for doing your competitive analysis:

• Company directories can be used to create lists of competitors by industry, product line, size, etc.
• Doing a company name search in a general research database is an excellent way to learn more about your competitor’s products, services, prices, and media coverage.
• If your competitors are public companies, learn more about them by reading their financials and annual reports.
• News archives provide a range of competitive information on both public and private companies.
• Patents are a good way to learn about the technical and design features of a competitor's products. You can refer to this UBC Library Research Guide, created by UBC Engineering Librarians, if you are looking for patent information. Most of the resources listed are freely available.

For information on primary and secondary market research, as well as common sources for secondary market research, watch our video tutorial Module One: Introduction To Market Research.

Finding information on public companies is considerably easier than finding information on privately-held companies. Information on public companies is readily available online, or at your local library. Another good starting point is the list of resources in the next section of this Accelerator Guide: Find Competitors. Unlike public companies, private companies are not required to file with the System for Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval (SEDAR). Searching for private company information is considerably more difficult and will require a lot of patience, and a healthy dose of creativity. 

Find Competitors

Learning About Competitors

To create a list of competitors and find basic information about them (e.g. number of employees, contact information) you will need to consult business directories. Many directories are available online for free, while others are fee-based commercial databases. You can find directories that are particular to an industry or geography. Your local library will likely have a good collection of directories that you can consult in person.

For further information about secondary market research, see our video tutorial Module Two: Secondary Market Research for Industry Analysis.

If you know of some public companies in your industry, then annual reports can provide a great deal of useful financial information including sales volume, revenue increases, and total market share. You can search the System for Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval (SEDAR) for Canadian Company filings. If the competitor you are researching does business in the US, then you search the Security and Exchange Commissions equivalent, EDGAR, which provides free public access to corporate information including financial information and operations by reviewing registration statements, prospectuses and periodic reports filed on Forms 10-K and 10-Q. You also can find information about recent corporate events reported on Form 8-K that a company does not have to disclose to investors. You can use advanced search features to search by Standard Industry Classification (SIC) codes.

 

Free Business Directories

CanadaOne - Canadian Business Directory
CanadaOne has a directory of over 20,000 Canadian businesses.

Federal Corporations Data Online 
Free searchable database of federally incorporated/registered companies.

Frasers
A comprehensive industrial directory and search tool, with information on products and services provided by Canadian industrial wholesalers, manufacturers, and distributors. You can search by product name, company name, or brand name.

D&B Hoovers
Provides information on 18 million US and international companies, both public and private. D&B Hoovers' reports are generated quickly, and are easy to read. A fair amount of information is provided for free, but much more is available with a paid subscription. If you know the company name or ticker symbol of any of the key players in your industry, try searching for their Hoovers records to find key information. Use the link above for free information or contact your local library to see if they provide access. Affiliates of UBC may have access. 

• Electronic Shopping And Mail-Order Houses Industry - Insights From D&B Hoovers
• Nonstore Retailers Industry - Insights From D&B Hoovers
• Wholesale Trade Industry - Insights From D&B Hoovers
• Miscellaneous Durable Goods Merchant Wholesalers Industry - Insights From D&B Hoovers

Proprietary Business Directories

Business in Vancouver, Book of Lists
Comprehensive collection of BC business data compiled annually as the popular BIV Book of Lists. Provides data on over 1000 companies including: websites, phone numbers, e-mail addresses, top executives' names, company age, revenues, profits and much more. UBC affiliates and in-person community researchers can obtain access to a print version (here are details on how to locate it) or you can get your own online subscription.

 

Mergent Online
Provides access to detailed information on US and international companies. Data can be compared and exported into software applications such as Excel. Affiliates of UBC can learn more and get access.

 

The Blue Book of Canadian Business
Detailed profiles for over 60 Canadian corporations, including missions/values, history, operations, social responsibility and executive biographies. Also contains directory type information for 2,500 Canadian companies, a ranking of the top 500 companies and a list of the top 400 Canadian stocks. UBC affiliates and in-person community researchers can obtain access to a print version of this periodical (here are details on how to locate it at UBC in Vancouver).

 

Reference Canada
Provides information on more than one million businesses throughout Canada. Includes name, address, phone number, contacts, number of employees, annual sales volumes, line of business, and credit rating. Vancouver Public Library subscribes to this online directory so check with your local library about access.

 

UBC Library Business Databases

How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you may have access to business databases through the David Lam Management Research Library and Canaccord Learning Commons through the links below.

Full Listing By Title or Full Listing By Subject

There are two different ways to identify databases: Use "by title" if you already know the name; otherwise you can search the list "by subject" to find starting places for undertaking market research, finding articles or researching companies. To learn more about how you can access library resources if you are a community user or temporary visitor, check out the UBC Library Community Users & Visitors Guide. Community users and temporary visitors may have additional access restrictions to specific databases because of license agreements.

 

Mapping Your Competitors

Online maps such as Google Maps or Bing Maps and popular directories such as Yelp are a fast way to locate nearby competitors, and to get a better sense of the region your business operates within. Try searching for the name of your product or industry and narrowing your results by focusing the map on a specific location, such as a city or neighborhood.

SimplyAnalytics

This is an Internet-based mapping application that enables users to develop interactive thematic maps and reports using thousands of demographic, business, and marketing data variables. Check your local public or academic library for access. UBC affiliates can learn more and get access.

 

Trade Shows

Attending trade shows is an excellent way to learn more about your competitors. Contact local associations or read trade publications to find out what trade shows are coming to your community.

10Times.com | The largest worldwide online directory of trade fairs, business exhibitions, trade shows, conferences, and seminars for various industries. Search for trade shows by industry, country, date, organizer, or venue.

STORE Conference | STORE is Retail Council of Canada’s two-day conference held annually in Toronto with an agenda and networking opportunities targeted to the unique needs of the dynamic retail industry in Canada.

Retail Marketing | Annual conference focusing on marketing in the retail industry, hosted by the Retail Council of Canada.

DX3 Retail, Marketing & Technology Show | Innovation and Retail summit with keynote speakers, workshops and demonstrations.

Retail West | The largest industry event tailored for the Western Canadian retail market.

Wholesale Central | Wholesale Central curates a list of wholesale trade shows, expos, and conferences within specific industries into an easy to search database.

Global Buyers Mission | A woodshow for international buyers and Canadian sellers of wood products.

Mode Show | Held twice a year, Mode Show is a business-to-business fashion, accessories, and lifestyle trade show for buyers to source from wholesalers, artisans, importers, and more.

Bakery Showcase | This baking industry business-to-business trade show and conference showcases bakeries (retail, wholesale, commercial, in store), grocery and food-service outlets.

 

Find Financial Benchmarks

One thing you will need to do in the financials section of your business plan is discuss how you will price your products and/or services, and how this compares to your competitors. You will need to develop a financial plan that includes your projected revenues and net income. The following resources will help you find financial information on competitors in your industry.

 

Free Tools for Finding Financial Info

EDGAR
Filings with the US Securities & Exchange Commission by companies listed on US exchanges. 10-K Forms include detailed information on company history, structure, financial statements, and other relevant data.

 

SEDAR
A collection of corporate filings that are required by securities regulators, from companies operating in Canada. This website is an excellent source for information about a company's plans, competitive environment, markets, products, and assets. SEDAR is the Canadian equivalent of EDGAR.

 

Finding Benchmarks & Ratios

Ratios are tools that allow you to plan and assess your company's progress over time, and to compare it to other companies in the same industry. There are diferent kinds of ratios, including operating ratios, financial ratios, performance indicators, and benchmarks.

 

Financial Performance Data (formerly SME Benchmarking Tool)
Tool for benchmarking your financial reports with others in your sector. Website also includes a collection of financial data and annual reports of various Canadian companies. For instructions on using the Financial Performance Data click here. To create a report using Financial Performance data click here.

TIP: Remember to search using your NAICS code (eg. 418)

 

Financial Performance Indicators for Canadian Business
Offers current financial ratios by industry, based on data provided by Statistics Canada. The indicators are designed to serve as financial performance benchmarks against which individual firms and industries can be compared. Affiliates of UBC, UNBC, UVic and SFU have access through Abacus Dataverse. If you are visiting, please contact your local library about access.

 

 

Proprietary Tools For Finding Financial Info

UBC Company Research Guide
This research guide was created by UBC business librarians. Follow this link to go directly to the section of the guide that features various UBC Library electronic resources that are recommended for searching for financial information on competitors, such as credit rankings, stock prices and investment analyst reports. You can explore the navigation on the right-hand side to find more recommended research sources on the general topic of company research.

 

Library Resources

Access to the following sources may be available through your local public or academic library. For information on how to obtain a library card, and for additional information on using libraries in BC, please visit our Getting Access to Library Resources page.

 

Mergent Online
Provides access to detailed information on US and international companies. Data can be compared and exported into software applications such as Excel. Affiliates of UBC can learn more and get access.

 

Tools For Calculating Your Own Financials

• Financial Ratio Calculators - Business Development Canada
• Financial Ratios Calculator: Debt to Equity and Other Ratios - Canada One
• Business Calculators - GoForth Institute

Market Share & Size

Both market size and market share held by competitors are key factors when assessing the competitive environment. Keep in mind that there is no single source of market size and market share data. Market information is usually pieced together from various sources and is not often readily available for niche or emerging industries. One strategy is to combine a competitor's name or a comparable, established industry with the term market share in article databases or read market research reports. You will need to identify and describe your market – who your customers are and what the demand is for your products and services.

 

UBC Library Business Databases

How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you may have access to business databases through the David Lam Management Research Library and Canaccord Learning Commons through the links below.

Full Listing By Title or Full Listing By Subject

There are two different ways to identify databases: Use "by title" if you already know the name; otherwise you can search the list "by subject" to find starting places for undertaking market research, finding articles or researching companies. To learn more about how you can access library resources if you are a community user or temporary visitor, check out the UBC Library Community Users & Visitors Guide. Community users and temporary visitors may have additional access restrictions to specific databases because of license agreements.

 

Library Resources

Access to the following sources may be available through your local public or academic library. For information on how to obtain a library card, and for additional information on using libraries in BC, please visit our Getting Access to Library Resources page.

 

ABI/INFORM Collection

How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource.

Created by ProQuest this database contains full-text articles from over 1,000 business magazines and journals that track business conditions, trends, management techniques, corporate strategies, and industry-specific topics.

• Global cross-border B2C E-commerce market to reach $7,938.2 billion by 2031: Allied market research: Greater advantage to seller and buyer and advantage in increasing sales and revenue for e-commerce websites have boosted the growth of the global cross-border B2C e-commerce market. the pandemic had a negative impact on the market as international trade came to standstill. however, market across europe is projected to portray the fastest CAGR of 28.9% during the forecast period. (2022, Nov 12). NASDAQ OMX's News Release Distribution Channel. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection.
• Toneguzzi, M. (2022). Retail has changed forever in canada as consumers shift online following pandemic [google report]. Retail Insider. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection.
• Approximately 80% of consumers would pay with points online or in-store if given the option, according to new research from the wise marketer. (2022, Nov 17). Business Wire. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection.
• Wholesale sector - quarterly update 11/22/2021. (2021). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection.
• Business-to-business E-commerce market value predicted to reach US$ 26.4 trillion by 2028 covering COVID-19 impact: Acumen research and consulting: Acumen research and consulting, a global provider of market research studies, in a recently published report titled “Business-to-business E-commerce market by deployment type, by application, by end-user and by geography- global industry analysis, market size, opportunities and forecast 2021 - 2028”. (2021, Jul 21). NASDAQ OMX's News Release Distribution Channel. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection.
• Beer, wine & distilled spirits wholesalers - quarterly update 2/28/2022. (2022). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection.
• Food wholesalers - quarterly update 5/23/2022. (2022). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection.
• Electrical products wholesalers - quarterly update 3/14/2022. (2022). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection.
• Office supply & paper wholesalers - quarterly update 2/21/2022. (2022). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection Retrieved.
• Industrial equipment wholesalers - quarterly update 6/13/2022. (2022). Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection Retrieved.
• Snyder, D. V., Maslow, S. A., & Dadush, S. (2022). Balancing buyer and supplier responsibilities. The Business Lawyer, 77(1), 115-154. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection.
• Jachman, M. (2022). TOP 30 HVACR DISTRIBUTORS OF 2022. Air Conditioning, Heating & Refrigeration News, 276(2), 26-26,30. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection.
• Pacific life recognizes wholesalers for contributions to the industry. (2022, Jul 15). Business Wire Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Collection.

 

BCC Research Centre

How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource. Otherwise, contact your local library to see if they provide access.

Publishes 250 reports annually that are complete with market intelligence, five-year forecasts, statistical and analytical data, key players, market share, industry structure and dynamics, and technological shifts and trends.

• BCC Research. (2022, September). Ecommerce & Other Non-Store Retailers Market Global Briefing 2022: Ukraine-Russia War Impact (Report Code MKB028I). BCC Research. Retrieved from BCC Research Center database.
• BCC Research. (2022, May). Ecommerce & Other Non-Store Retailers Market Global Briefing 2022 (Report Code MKB028H). BCC Research. Retrieved from BCC Research Center database.
• BCC Research. (2021, December). Ecommerce & Other Non-Store Retailers Global Market Competitor Briefing 2021 (Report Code MKB028G). BCC Research. Retrieved from BCC Research Center database.
• BCC Research. (2020, January). Big Data in E-commerce: Global Markets (Report Code CON005A). BCC Research. Retrieved from BCC Research Center database.
• BCC Research. (2022, May). Wholesale Global Market Briefing 2022 (Report Code MKB032H). BCC Research. Retrieved from BCC Research Center database.
• BCC Research. (2022, May). Retail And Wholesale Market Global Briefing 2022 (Report Code MKB029H). BCC Research. Retrieved from BCC Research Center database.
• BCC Research. (2022, May). Non-Durable Goods Wholesalers Market Global Briefing 2022 (Report Code MKB504B). BCC Research. Retrieved from BCC Research Center database.
• BCC Research. (2021, December). Wholesale Global Market Competitor Briefing 2021 (Report Code MKB032G). BCC Research. Retrieved from BCC Research Center database.
• BCC Research. (2020, June). Wholesale Market Global Briefing 2020: Covid 19 Impact and Recovery (Report Code MKB032E). BCC Research. Retrieved from BCC Research Center database.

 

Business Source Ultimate

How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource. Otherwise, contact your local library to see if they provide access.

Includes financial data, books, videos, company profiles, SWOT analyses, industry profiles, country reports, market research reports and case studies. Also includes information on industry trends, forecasts, outlooks, competitors, how to run a specific business and much more.

• Shaw, N., Eschenbrenner, B., & Baier, D. (2022). Online shopping continuance after COVID-19: A comparison of Canada, Germany and the United States. Journal of Retailing & Consumer Services, 69, N.PAG. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2022.103100
• Acosta, G. (2022). LOBLAW TRANSFORMS ITSELF AGAIN: Canada’s largest grocery retailer is driving growth with investments in e-commerce, health care and sustainability. Progressive Grocer, 101(7), 28–35.
• Next steps for wholesale industry leaders. (2022). Capacity Magazine, N.PAG.
• Davis, B. (2022). U.S. AutoForce shakes up wholesale industry: Company’s acquisitions highlight changes happening in tire distribution world. Tire Business, 39(23), 13.
• Burkitt-Gray, A. (2022). Helm takes the helm at wholesale industry leaders’ forum. Capacity Magazine, N.PAG.
• Barnes Reports: (NAICS 42311): Automobile & Other Vehicles Wholesale. (2022). United States Automobile & Other Vehicles Wholesale Industry Report, 1–196.
• Barnes Reports: (NAICS 42481): Beer & Ale Wholesale Industry. (2022). United States Beer & Ale Wholesale Industry Report, 1–196.
• Barnes Reports: (NAICS 42343): Computer & Equipment Wholesale Industry. (2022). United States Computer & Equipment Wholesale Industry Report, 1–196.
• Barnes Reports: (NAICS 42441): General-Line Grocery Wholesale Industry. (2022). United States General-Line Grocery Wholesale Industry Report, 1–196.
• Barnes Reports: (NAICS 42342): Office Equipment Wholesales Industry. (2022). United States Office Equipment Wholesales Industry Report, 1–196.
• Altstedter, A. (2021). Warehouse Space Seen Running Out in Canada by the End of 2021. Bloomberg.Com, N.PAG.
• Altstedter, A. (2021). E-Commerce Explosion to Fuel Warehouse Building Boom in Canada. Bloomberg.Com, N.PAG.

 

eMarketer

How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource. Or, contact your local public or academic library for their access details.

Global market research and trend analysis database that focuses on Internet, e-business, online marketing, media, and emerging technologies.

• Briggs, P. (2022, July 29). Canada Ecommerce Forecast 2022: Retail Will Hit Multiple Milestones, Despite Economic Uncertainty. Retrieved from eMarketer database.
• eMarketer. (2022, January). Cross-Border Retail Ecommerce, Canada. Retrieved from eMarketer database.
• eMarketer. (2022, June). Top 15 US Retail Ecommerce Sales, by Company. Retrieved from eMarketer database.
• Stambor, Z. (2022, May 20). Private labels help retailers like BJ’s Wholesale Club appeal to value-oriented shoppers. Retrieved from eMarketer database.
• Wolff, R. (2022, May 12). As Nike pulls away from wholesale, sports apparel brands sense an opportunity. Retrieved from eMarketer database.
• Stambor, Z. (2022, February 28). Shifting strategies: Large brands move toward D2C, while digital natives pivot to wholesale. Retrieved from eMarketer database.

 

IBISWorld Industry Reports

How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource.

IBISWorld research is an independent, professional publisher of high-quality market research reports. These reports analyze the underlying structure and external forces that drive an industry.

• Thomas, B. (2022, September). E-Commerce & Online Auctions in the US: US Industry (NAICS) Report 45411A/Retail Trade. Retrieved from IBISWorld.
• Gonzales. E. (2022, September). E-Commerce & Online Auctions in Canada: Canada Industry (NAICS) Report 45411CA/Retail Trade in Canada. Retrieved from IBISWorld.
• (2022, May). E-Commerce Sales: US Business Environment Profiles Report F318. Retrieved from IBISWorld.
• Diment, D. (2021, August). Wholesale Trade in the US: US Industry (NAICS) Report 42/Wholesale Trade. Retrieved from IBISWorld.
• Diment, D. (2022, July). Wholesale Trade Agents and Brokers in the US: US Industry (NAICS) Report 42512/Wholesale Trade. Retrieved from IBISWorld.
• Buchko, M. (2022, May). Industrial Machinery & Equipment Wholesaling in Canada: Canada Industry (NAICS) Report 41723CA/Wholesale Trade in Canada. Retrieved from IBISWorld.
• Buchko, M. (2022, January). Fruit and Vegetable Wholesaling in Canada: Canada Industry (NAICS) Report 41315CA/Wholesale Trade in Canada. Retrieved from IBISWorld.
• Kanda, S. (2022, January). Frozen Food Wholesaling in Canada: Canada Industry (NAICS) Report 41319CA/Wholesale Trade in Canada. Retrieved from IBISWorld.
• Kanda, S. (2022, August). Fish and Seafood Wholesaling in Canada: Canada Industry (NAICS) Report 41314CA/Wholesale Trade in Canada. Retrieved from IBISWorld.
• Gonzales, E. (2022, August). Computer and Packaged Software Wholesaling in Canada: Canada Industry (NAICS) Report 41731CA/Wholesale Trade in Canada. Retrieved from IBISWorld.
• Kanda, S. (2022, October). Warehouse Clubs & Supercentres in Canada:  Canada Industry (NAICS) Report 45291CA/Wholesale Trade in Canada. Retrieved from IBISWorld.
• Buchko, M. (2022, August). Construction and Forestry Equipment Wholesaling in Canada: Canada Industry (NAICS) Report 41721CA/Wholesale Trade in Canada. Retrieved from IBISWorld.

 

Marketresearch.com/Freedonia Focus

How to access: Check your local public or academic library to see about access. If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource.

While you can search this website only some Canadian libraries provide full-text access to the market research reports on industries and demographics for North American industries. They can range from 50 to 400+ pages in length, and contain charts, tables, and graphs, and key facts. Marketresearch.com has varied industry coverage and includes US and international information.

• Freedonia Focus Reports. (2022, August). E-Commerce: United States. Retrieved from Marketresearch.com database.
• Freedonia Focus Reports. (2019, April). E-Commerce: Canada. Retrieved from Marketresearch.com database.
• Freedonia Focus Reports. (2019, March). Global E-Commerce. Retrieved from Marketresearch.com database.
• Freedonia Focus Reports. (2021, August). Industrial Supplies Wholesale: United States. Retrieved from Marketresearch.com database.
• Packaged Facts. (2020, February). U.S. Pet Market Focus: Mass Market Channel Shoppers. Retrieved from Marketresearch.com database.

 

Mergent Online

How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource.

Provides access to US and international public company data. This database also contains data on companies that were acquired, went bankrupt, liquidated or merged out of existence from 1995 forward. Users can compare companies and export data into programs like Excel.

Demographic Data

The resources listed in this section will help you identify population characteristics, and help you develop your customer profile. This research will also help you identify geographic areas where the largest number of your potential customers live. This can be very useful when determining a location for your business, and also when formulating your marketing strategy. Don't forget that trade associations and trade journals collect information about customers and can be great information sources for this area of your research.

 

Statistics Canada Data | Formerly known as CANSIM, Statistics Canada's key socioeconomic database is updated daily. It is free to search the data tables.

• Online orders received and purchases made for goods and services, by industry and size of enterprise
• Online sales to specific regions by industry and size of enterprise
• Percentage of online sales obtained from specific regions by industry and size of enterprise
• Percentage and average percentage of total sales made online in 2021, second quarter of 2022
• Investments in online sales and e-commerce capabilities over the next 12 months, second quarter of 2022
• Wholesale trade, sales
• Wholesale services price index, monthly
• Annual wholesale trade survey, financial estimates
• Historical (real-time) releases of wholesale trade, sales
• Historical (real-time) releases of wholesale sales, price and volume, seasonally adjusted

 

The Daily - Statistics Canada
The premier source for Canadian statistical information, including census information. Search 'The Daily' releases by subject to identify corresponding census tables, latest news, and publications. Similarly, you can browse by data source, including surveys & questionnaires relevant to your market research, which also link to census tables, latest news and publications.

• Real-time local business conditions, November 14 to 20, 2022
• Retail trade, September 2022
• Retail Services Price Index, second quarter 2022
• Wholesale trade, May 2022
• Wholesale trade: Early Indicator, May 2022
• Wholesale Serves Price Index, First Quarter 2022
• Annual Wholesale Trade 2020

 

Canadian Household Spending - Statistics Canada
Statistics Canada is the national statistical office. The agency ensures Canadians have the key information on Canada's economy, society and environment that they require to function effectively as citizens and decision makers.

This table provides statistical information about household expenditures by Canadians broken down into a variety of categories. You can refine the table by region. You can view the full list of data tables here. 

 

Census Profile - Statistics Canada
Provides Canadian community profiles from the latest Census of Canada. These profiles are very useful for comparing statistics on different municipalities or regional districts. Includes details on family characteristics, primary language, mobility, educational attainment, marital status, labour force activity, earnings, and mode of transportation to work.

 

Socio-Economic Profiles - BC Stats
The socio-economic profiles consist of charts and tables for the various regional districts, health areas, college regions and school districts. Each region contains a map, demographic profile, economic hardship, labour market structure, education concerns, crime, health problems, children at risk, and youth at risk. The profiles are presented in a format that allows comparison to other regions in the province and to BC overall.

Your Target Market

Library Resources

Access to the following sources may be available through your local public or academic library. For information on how to obtain a library card, and for additional information on using libraries in BC, please visit our Getting Access to Library Resources page.

Marketresearch.com/Freedonia Focus

How to access: Check your local public or academic library to see about access. If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource.

While you can search this website only some Canadian libraries provide full-text access to the market research reports on industries and demographics for North American industries. They can range from 50 to 400+ pages in length, and contain charts, tables, and graphs, and key facts. Marketresearch.com has varied industry coverage and includes US and international information.

• Freedonia Focus Reports. (2022, August). E-Commerce: United States. Retrieved from Marketresearch.com Academic.
• Freedonia Focus Reports. (2019, April). E-Commerce: Canada. Retrieved from Marketresearch.com Academic.
• Freedonia Focus Reports. (2019, March). Global E-Commerce. Retrieved from Marketresearch.com Academic.
• Packaged Facts. (2021, July). The Future of Grocery: Online Grocery, Meal Kits, & Direct-to-Consumer Food. Retrieved from Marketresearch.com Academic.
• Packaged Facts. (2019, May). Global Food E-Commerce. Retrieved from Marketresearch.com Academic.
• Freedonia Focus Reports. (2021, August). Industrial Supplies Wholesale: United States. Retrieved from MarketResearch.com Academic.
• Packaged Facts. (2020, February). U.S. Pet Market Focus: Mass Market Channel Shoppers. Retrieved from MarketResearch.com Academic.

eMarketer

How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource. Or, contact your local public or academic library for their access details.

Global market research and trend analysis database that focuses on Internet, e-business, online marketing, media, and emerging technologies.

• eMarketer. (2022, November). Cross-Border Retail Ecommerce, Canada. Retrieved from eMarketer database.
• eMarketer. Retail & Ecommerce Sales, by Country. (2022, November). Retrieved from eMarketer database.
• Briggs, P. (2022, July 29). Canada Ecommerce Forecast 2022: Retail Will Hit Multiple Milestones, Despite Economic Uncertainty. Retrieved from eMarketer database.
• eMarketer. (2022, January). Cross-Border Retail Ecommerce, Canada. Retrieved from eMarketer database.
• eMarketer. (2022, June). Top 15 US Retail Ecommerce Sales, by Company. Retrieved from eMarketer database.
• Stambor, Z. (2022, May 20). Private labels help retailers like BJ’s Wholesale Club appeal to value-oriented shoppers. Retrieved from eMarketer database.
• Wolff, R. (2022, May 12). As Nike pulls away from wholesale, sports apparel brands sense an opportunity. Retrieved from eMarketer database.
• Stambor, Z. (2022, February 28). Shifting strategies: Large brands move toward D2C, while digital natives pivot to wholesale. Retrieved from eMarketer database.

Passport GMID (formerly Global Market Information Database)

How to access: Check your local public or academic library to see about access. If you are a UBC student, staff or faculty member you can access this resource. Please note this is not available for walk-in library users.

Passport GMID, produced by Euromonitor, is an integrated information system providing business intelligence on country economies and demographics, consumers, lifestyles, companies and industries. 

• Euromonitor International. (2022, April). Cross-Border E-Commerce (Goods) in North America. Retrieved from Passport GMID database.
• Godinsky, M. (2022, April). E-Commerce (Goods) in Canada. Retrieved from Passport GMID database.
• Godinsky, M. (2022, April). Mobile E-Commerce (Goods) in Canada. Retrieved from Passport GMID database.
• Euromonitor International. (2021, July 20). Wholesale in Canada: ISIC 51. Retrieved from Passport GMID database.
• Euromonitor International. (2021, February 26). Retail and Wholesale in Canada. Retrieved from Passport GMID database.
• Euromonitor International. (2021, July 29). Global Overview of the Wholesale and Retail Industry. Retrieved from Passport GMID database.

WARC: World Advertising Research Center

How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource.

WARC has case studies from major companies and advertising agencies, as well as articles from leading advertising journals and unpublished papers. It also includes company profiles, advertising spending statistics, and demographic and economic data.

• Castlin, JP and J. Hankins (2022, June). The gravity of e-commerce. Retrieved from WARC database.
• Euromonitor International. (2022, November). What we know about direct-to-consumer brands. Retrieved from WARC database.
• Euromonitor International. (2022, February). Top business risks in 2022: Omicron, supply chain and inflation. Retrieved from WARC database.
• Spence, G. (2021, October 13). Is direct-to-consumer the right approach for brands? Retrieved from WARC database.

 

Public Opinion Polls

Ipsos
Links to Canadian, U.S. and international polls. Includes polls on consumer goods.

• Navigating the changing dynamic of e-commerce and DTC relationships
• Why creators are key to making e-commerce human
• [WEBINAR] Social Commerce: Innovation, Inclusion & Insights

Roper Center for Public Opinion
Preserves the data from polls conducted by many leading survey organizations for the use of researchers, students, and journalists. Includes a section on how to analyze polls. Only for those affiliated with UBC.

 

Primary Research

The main point of this guide is to introduce you to a wide range of secondary market research resources but keep in mind there is great value in analyzing other information including:

• Advertising, blogs and sales brochures
• Your personal network and employees
• Direct observation, focus groups and interviews with potential customers

The Daily - Statistics Canada
The premier source for Canadian statistical information, including census information. Search 'The Daily' releases by subject to identify corresponding census tables, latest news, and publications. Similarly, you can browse by data source, including surveys & questionnaires relevant to your market research, which also link to census tables, latest news and publications.

• Real-time local business conditions, November 14 to 20, 2022
• Retail trade, September 2022
• Retail Services Price Index, second quarter 2022
• Wholesale trade, May 2022
• Wholesale trade: Early indicator, June 2022
• Wholesale Serves Price Index, First Quarter 2022
• Annual wholesale trade, 2022
• Annual wholesale trade 2020