Real Estate Guide
Real Estate GuideThis guide can offer a launching point as you embark on your secondary market research for your business idea. Work through the questions and resources to develop strategies for accessing reliable business information as part of your planning process. While doing your own primary market research will ensure you get the exact data you need, it is usually very time consuming and expensive. Believe us -- it is well worth your time to learn how to find publicly available statistics and data first. We'll point you to as many freely available, online sources that we can find, but keep in mind that there are many resources available at your local public, college or research library.
Guide Outline
This Accelerator Guide is organized into four sections designed to help you focus your research. Each section will highlight what goals you'll achieve, as well as questions to get you thinking about the kind of information you'll likely need. In no time you will be an expert DIY researcher! You'll need to use the menu on the left to explore each section but here is an outline you can follow.
- Getting Started has introductory materials like how-to books, sample business plans and general start-up information.
- Industry Info has sources outlining the current status, outlook, and trends for your particular industry or sector and more.
- Competitive Info has sources for outlining your competitive market, including potential competitors and market share.
- Customer Info has sources that will help you develop your market analysis and learn about the demographics of your target market and your customers' needs.
Need Other Help?
If you're looking for in-person help be sure to check out the BC Business Support Directory for help in your specific community. If this is your first time doing secondary market research you might want to follow our step-by-step Business Research Basics. In the Learn Business Basics section of this website you will find curated lists of resources on many business topics from marketing, top business planning to a wide selection of free web-based tools to help you with your business development.
Getting Started
Getting StartedCheck Out Books & Business Plans For Inspiration
This section will introduce several "how-to" books on business to help you get started with your research. These books will primarily introduce you to business plan writing. These books will also introduce general business types such as retail and service business models.
Source: Statistics Canada: Real Estate Agents, Brokers, Appraisers and Other Real Estate Activities
Find Books
Find BooksBooks To Help You Get Started
There is a good chance that someone has written a book about starting a business in your particular industry. "How-to" books are a great starting place in business research because they contain a collection of useful information in one single resource. They often provide a good introduction to business planning specific to your industry, and many contain sample business plans. Contact your local library to see what business-related books they have in their collection.
Google Books
Google Books
Google Books is a search feature offered by Google. It enables users to search the full text of approximately 10 million books that Google has scanned and stored in its digital database. It also offers previews of books that are currently still in print.
Find Books In A Library Near You
Worldcat
A global catalogue of library collections from various libraries around the world. You can search for books on business planning, new enterprises, start-ups, or your specific industry. You can search for all the locations with copies of a specific item, and then locate the item in a nearby library. In Worldcat, you can also view research articles and other digital content directly online.
Try Searching These Subject Headings
- Real estate -- Management.
- Real estate business -- Vocational guidance.
- Small business -- Management.
- House buying -- Canada.
- House selling -- Canada.
Library Resources
Access to the following sources may be available through your local public or academic library. For information on how to obtain a library card, and for additional information on using libraries in BC, please visit our Getting Access to Library Resources page.
netLibrary | online library resource
BC ELN's shared collection of 800+ ebook titles is a strong, broad mix of theoretical, practical, applied and general interest titles across all business subject areas: accounting, e-commerce, enterpreneurship, economics and global economy, finance and banking. The collection includes works from leading business and economic scholars and key publishers of business information. For more information, including a list of the academic libraries that have access via ELN check out this link.
Find Business Plans
Find Business PlansRelated Business Plans Are Great Models
In the page below you will find examples of successful business plans. Researching your business plan can be a very time-consuming experience, but it is an essential and worthwhile investment. Your business plan will become your most important day to day operating tool. The information resources and strategies in this guide will help you create an effective plan and increase your chances for business success.
Review Sample Plans for Ideas
Most books about starting a business will include examples of business plans, as well as business planning templates. In addition to books, online business resources frequently include sample business plans. Here are a few to get you started.
Libraries pay for many online resources that you can access from your home computer. For example, get in touch with your local library to see if you can get access to the Gale Business Plans Handbook today.
Marketing Plan Outline from Government of Canada |This Government of Canada page reviews the components of a marketing plan and why a marketing plan is necessary for your small business.
BDC Marketing Plan Template | This comprehensive marketing plan template from BDC is for Canadian entrepreneurs specifically and includes all the important sections of a marketing plan, including an executive summary, identification of your target customer, and how you'll measure your sales.
Small Business BC - How to Write a Marketing Plan
This guide shows you how to develop a marketing plan that includes details like how you intend to meet your customers’ needs and communicate the benefits of your products or services to them. When making any decisions about market positioning, pricing, promotions, and sales, your customers should always be top of mind.
Bplans.com
This site offers a selection of free sample business plans, as well as articles on business planning. Bplans.com also sells business planning software.
- Real Estate Brokerage Business Plan
- Real Estate Broker Business Plan
- Start-Up Real Estate Business Plan
- Real Estate Website Business Plan
- Mortgage Broker Business Plan
- Real Estate Management Business Plan
Library Resources
Access to the following sources may be available through your local public or academic library. For information on how to obtain a library card, and for additional information on using libraries in BC, please visit our Getting Access to Library Resources page.
Business Plans Handbook, Gale Publishing
This is a database of actual business plans written by North American entrepreneurs seeking financing for their businesses. Includes examples of many start-up business ideas. Access is available through many BC public libraries, made possible by a generous donation from the Sutherland Foundation. Affiliates of UBC can start here.
- Real Estate Company Business Plan - MSN Real Estate
- Real Estate Investment Company Business Plan - Wolfe Partners
- Construction Development & Real Estate Firm - Black Pearl Development and Real Estate LLC
- Real Estate Brokerage - Thomasson Real Estate
- Real Estate Renovation and Resale Business Plan - House Flipperz
Find Financing
Find FinancingStarting A New Business Requires Money - Where Will It Come From?
Identifying the sources of financing for your new small business can be a challenging and stressful task. Finding the money that a new business requires is an important step to success. With proper planning and a few resources to guide you on your way, identifying and securing the financing to start your business becomes a much smoother and gentler process. Here are a few important resources to help get your business financed.
Great Starting Points For Finding Financing Information:
Canada Business
Government of Canada website that provides business information services for entrepreneurs, including information on starting a business, grants and financing, regulations and permits, management, marketing and more.
Start here: Government Grants, Loans and Financing
Start here: Sources of Private Sector Financing
Business Development Bank of Canada (BDC)
BDC is a government owned financial institution that serves Canadian entrepreneurs. BDC acts as a 'complementary lender', offering loans and investments that supplement services available from commercial financial institutions. BDC puts special focus on SMEs in sectors such as manufacturing, exporting, innovation and knowledge-based industries. Start with:
The Canadian Trade Commissioner Service - Global Markets Support Program
Offers a variety of funding and financing options for Canadian businesses with the potential to engage in global trade and international commerce.
How to Finance Your Start-Up Business - Small Business BC
This post published by Small Business BC provides an excellent overview of you main financing options.
Find Industry Info
Find Industry InfoDo you need to:
- Conduct your industry research?
- Write your industry overview?
- Start your market analysis?
The resources in this section can help you answer these questions:
- What are NAICS or SIC codes, and how can I use them for my business research?
- What are the risks, trends, opportunities and outlooks for the Canadian real estate and housing industry?
- What is the forecast for the Canadian real estate industry?
- What trade associations, magazines, agencies and websites can be used for research?
- Have there been regulatory changes in this industry that could affect my business?
- What steps must be taken to open and operate a real-estate business in British Columbia?
Make a note of all the questions you're hoping to answer.
Industry Codes
Industry CodesThe North American Industry Classification System
At the start of your research, it may not be clear what specific industry you should be examining. A good strategy is to find out if your business idea is classified in an industrial classification system. These systems organize industries by assigning them a numeric code. The most commonly used system is the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Once you know your Industry Classification Code you can use this number to:
- Find industry-specific statistics on government websites or in library databases
- Generate lists of competitors in company directories
Another common classification system is the Standard Industry Code (SIC). NAICS have mostly replaced the SIC, but the SIC is still used by some commercial databases. Finding and using these classification systems to effectively search can be tricky, so don't hesitate to ask a librarian for help.
Here Are Some Relevant Categories:
Type |
Code | Description |
---|---|---|
NAICS | 53 | Real Estate and Rental and Leasing |
NAICS | 5312 | Offices of Real Estate Agents and Brokers |
NAICS | 5313 | Activities Related to Real Estate |
NAICS | 531211 |
Real Estate Agents |
NAICS | 531212 |
Offices of Real Estate Brokers |
NAICS | 531310 |
Real Estate Property Managers |
NAICS | 531390 |
Other Activities Related to Real Estate |
SIC | 6531 |
Real Estate Agents and Managers |
Search or browse all NAICS or SIC codes on the NAICS Association website. Some NAICS codes are different in Canada — you can search by keyword or browse Canadian NAICS codes at Statistics Canada or Canadian Industry Statistics. To search for a SIC code using a NAICS code and vice versa, use the NAICS & SIC Crosswalks.
For more information about planning your industry research, including identifying your industry codes, check out the video tutorial for Module 3: Planning Your Industry Research.
Library Databases
Library DatabasesLibrary Databases
The Expensive World Of Business Information
Believe it or not, you cannot find everything on Google! Have you ever done an online search and found the perfect industry report only to find that it costs over $5,000? Did you know that libraries pay for many expensive databases that could be helpful in your secondary market research?
Search engines like Google can only provide direct access to freely available information. Most of the web, including business information, lives in databases behind expensive paywalls. This paywall-protected section of the Internet is known as the deep web. Fortunately, some libraries pay to subscribe to databases so they can provide free access to their patrons — and many business databases can contain useful information such as articles, market research, and company reports.
There are several strategies you can use to access relevant business information on the deep web. First, we urge you to look up what business resources your local public or academic library can provide access to. Each database has its own arrangement, with unique interfaces and search features. It helps to know the structure and search terms of the specific database you are working with in order to retrieve effective results.
Also, it is important to know that library databases are restricted by specific usage agreements. It can help to consult with a librarian if you have trouble navigating a specific database. They may also be able to help you find comparable information elsewhere. Libraries with robust business collections might have useful e-books, directories and trade journals. As you conduct your secondary market research you will likely need to consult both free and deep web resources.
For more information about how and why to use business databases, check out our video tutorial, Module Four: Conducting Your Industry Research.
UBC Library Business Databases
How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you may have access to business databases through the David Lam Management Research Library and Canaccord Learning Commons through the links below.
Full Listing By Title or Full Listing By Subject
There are two different ways to identify databases: Use "by title" if you already know the name; otherwise you can search the list "by subject" to find starting places for undertaking market research, finding articles or researching companies. To learn more about how you can access library resources if you are a community user or temporary visitor, check out the UBC Library Community Users & Visitors Guide. Community users and temporary visitors may have additional access restrictions to specific databases because of license agreements.
Provincial Library Database Partners
How to access: Check out the database list and note the License Participants to find out which institutions have access. Otherwise, contact your local post-secondary library to see what they offer.
BC Electronic Library Network (ELN) Research Databases
ELN licenses databases with partner academic libraries. These include LexisNexis, Canadian Newsstream, Hoovers, CBCA Business, ABI/INFORM Complete and others that may be of interest to business researchers.
ABI/INFORM Collection
How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource.
Created by ProQuest this database contains full-text articles from over 1,000 business magazines and journals that track business conditions, trends, management techniques, corporate strategies, and industry-specific topics.
- Press, F. (2023). Financial press: Redfin CEO predicts 'terrible consolidation’ in the real-estate sector, but says it will ultimately be good for the industry. Singer Island: Newstex. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM database.
- The year of the buyer: Canada’s luxury real estate market shifts in favour of buyers as opportunities emerge post-pandemic: Vancouver, Montreal and Toronto rebalance at new benchmarks, as strong economy bolsters Calgary market. (2023, Jan 18). NASDAQ OMX's News Release Distribution Channel. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM database.
- Back to reality for Canadian luxury real estate as markets adjust to economic headwinds: Calgary leads luxury market performance, as Toronto, Vancouver and Montreal sales come into balance. (2022, Oct 19). NASDAQ OMX's News Release Distribution Channel. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM database.
- Sawatzky, B., & Local Journalism, I. R. (2022, Aug 14). Inflation, interest rates, and the inevitable real estate market cooldown. The Canadian Press. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM database.
- Condominium sales dominate Canadian luxury real estate market as post-pandemic recovery bolsters city living: Luxury condominium sales boom leads Toronto, Vancouver, and Montreal gains, as sellers’ market conditions strengthen in Calgary. (2022, Apr 13). NASDAQ OMX's News Release Distribution Channel. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM database.
- A better way home: BC real estate association boards publish sweeping recommendations for government to address challenges in BC’s housing market: The 30+ recommendations are aimed at addressing current concerns with the province’s housing market, the real estate transaction process and consumer protection. (2022, Feb 28). NASDAQ OMX's News Release Distribution Channel. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM database.
- Consumer confidence and economic optimism bolster canadian luxury real estate market as downtown living revitalizes: A return to city living and enduring pandemic influences drive price gains and active fall market, as scarce inventory undermines potential sales, according to Sotheby’s International Realty Canada. (2021, Oct 06). NASDAQ OMX's News Release Distribution Channel. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM database.
- Haute residence real estate network continues partnership with Clara Hartree: Haute residence continues partnership with acclaimed real estate agent Clara Hartree in its invitation-only haute residence network. Currently in her second year as a member of haute residence, Clara Hartree exclusively represents the high-end real estate market in West Vancouver, British Columbia. (2021, Apr 23). PR Newswire. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM database.
- Business matters: Getting to know you: Callaghan O’Connor, real estate agent and investor (2022). Singer Island: Newstex. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM database.
Mergent Online
How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource.
Provides access to US and international public company data. This database also contains data on companies that were acquired, went bankrupt, liquidated or merged out of existence from 1995 forward. Users can compare companies and export data into programs like Excel.
BCC Research Centre
How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource. Otherwise, contact your local library to see if they provide access.
Publishes 250 reports annually that are complete with market intelligence, five-year forecasts, statistical and analytical data, key players, market share, industry structure and dynamics, and technological shifts and trends.
- TBRC. (2022, September). Real Estate Agency and Brokerage Market Global Briefing 2022: Ukraine-Russia War Impact. [Report Code MKB440F.] Retrieved from BCC Research Centre.
- TBRC. (2022, September). Real Estate Market Global Briefing 2022: Ukraine-Russia War Impact. [Report Code MKBB217I.] Retrieved from BCC Research Centre.
- TBRC. (2022, May). Real Estate Agency and Brokerage Market Global Briefing 2022. [Report Code MKB440E] Retrieved from BCC Research Centre.
- TBRC. (2022, May). Real Estate Agency and Brokerage Global Market Competitor Briefing 2022. [Report Code MKB440D] Retrieved from BCC Research Centre.
- TBRC. (2022, May). Real Estate Investment Competitor Outlook 2020: COVID-19 Impact and Recovery. [Report Code MKB217F]. Retrieved from BCC Research Centre.
Business Source Ultimate
How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource. Otherwise, contact your local library to see if they provide access.
Includes financial data, books, videos, company profiles, SWOT analyses, industry profiles, country reports, market research reports and case studies. Also includes information on industry trends, forecasts, outlooks, competitors, how to run a specific business and much more.
- MarketLine Industry Profile: Real Estate in Canada. (2021). Real Estate Industry Profile: Canada, 1–46. Retrieved from Business Source Ultimate database.
- Orland, K., & Altstedter, A. (2020). Cracks in Real Estate Market Fail to Rattle Canada’s Big Banks. Bloomberg.Com, N.PAG. Retrieved from Business Source Ultimate database.
- Van Santvoort, A. (2019). Is housing market pot heating up?: REAL ESTATE Most Canadians think dispensaries will lower their home value, but the data disagrees. Business in Vancouver, 1535, 10–11. Retrieved from Business Source Ultimate database.
- HARDY, J. (2023). The Buoyant: Real Estate Market. Business in Calgary, 33(1), 44–45.
- Kiviaho, A., & Toivonen, S. (2023). Forces impacting the real estate market environment in shrinking cities: possible drivers of future development. European Planning Studies, 31(1), 189–211.Retrieved from Business Source Ultimate database.
- Barnes Reports: Offices of Real Estate Appraisers Industry (NAICS 53132). (2023). United States Offices of Real Estate Appraisers Industry Report, 1–184. Retrieved from Business Source Ultimate database.
- Ali, Z. S., & Jiachen Song. (2022). Digital Platforms and Real Estate Industry during COVID-19. International Real Estate Review, 25(4), 1–25. Retrieved from Business Source Ultimate database.
- Martiniello, B., & Verhaeghe, P.-P. (2022). Does the neighbourhood of the dwelling and the real estate agency matter? Geographical differences in ethnic discrimination on the rental housing market. Urban Studies (Sage Publications, Ltd.), 59(15), 3201–3221. Retrieved from Business Source Ultimate database.
- Gococo, E. (2022). Post-Pandemic Real Estate Market: Moving Towards a More Balanced Market. Business in Calgary, 32(11), 87–89. Retrieved from Business Source Ultimate database.
- Lee, S. (2022). The 2023 playbook for real estate investor financing: The coming months are likely to see greater focus on single-family rentals, reduced credit availability and new competitors entering the market. National Mortgage News, 47(3), N.PAG. Retrieved from Business Source Ultimate database.
- Davenport, S. (2020). The Real Results of Real Estate: Local facilities and diverse business lines generate revenue for Alaska Native corporations. Alaska Business Monthly, 37(7), 84–85. Retrieved from Business Source Ultimate database.
First Research Industry Profiles
How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, or faculty you can access many of these reports through ABI/INFORM and/or Business Market Research Collection (Proquest).
Covers over 900 industry segments. Updated on a quarterly basis, these industry profiles contain critical analysis, statistics and forecasts to help you engage key prospects, coach key clients, and deepen customer relationships. You can search for reports by NAICS, SIC or keyword or browse by category.
- (2023). Commercial real estate brokerage - quarterly update 1/3/2023. Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from First Research Industry Profiles.
- (2023).Nonresidential building construction - quarterly update 1/23/2023. Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from First Research Industry Profiles.
IBISWorld Industry Reports
How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource.
IBISWorld research is an independent, professional publisher of high-quality market research reports. These reports analyze the underlying structure and external forces that drive an industry.
- Buchko, M. (2022, March). Real Estate Sales & Brokerage in Canada / CANADA INDUSTRY (NAICS) REPORT 53121CA / REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL AND LEASING IN CANADA. IBISWorld. Retrieved from IBISWorld database.
- Kanda, S. (2022, September). Real Estate Asset Management & Consulting in Canada / CANADA INDUSTRY (NAICS) REPORT 53139CA / REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL AND LEASING IN CANADA. IBISWorld. Retrieved from IBISWorld database.
- Buchko, M. (2022, January.) Real Estate Appraisal in Canada / CANADA INDUSTRY (NAICS) REPORT 53132CA / REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL AND LEASING IN CANADA. IBISWorld. Retrieved from IBISWorld database.
- Rose, A. (2022, October.) Global Commercial Real Estate. GLOBAL INDUSTRY REPORT K6111-GL / GLOBAL REAL ESTATE AND RENTING. IBISWorld. Retrieved from IBISWorld database.
Marketresearch.com/Freedonia Focus
How to access: Check your local public or academic library to see about access. If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource.
While you can search this website only some Canadian libraries provide full-text access to the market research reports on industries and demographics for North American industries. They can range from 50 to 400+ pages in length, and contain charts, tables, and graphs, and key facts. Marketresearch.com has varied industry coverage and includes US and international information.
- Freedonia Focus Reports. (2022, January). Housing: Canada. Marketresearch.com Academic. Retrieved from Marketresearch.com Academic database.
- Freedonia Focus Reports. (2020, October). Real Estate: United States. Marketresearch.com Academic. Retrieved from Marketresearch.com Academic database.
Business Market Research Collection (Proquest)
How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource.
Business Market Research Collection brings together four sources to help students more easily conduct the research they need to produce business plans, marketing plans, startup plans, market growth analysis, and strategic and financial plans. Includes access to: Hoover's Company Profiles, OxResearch, Barnes Reports, and the older Snapshots Series, which includes market research overviews on over 40 industries and 40 countries to 2008.
- (2023). Commercial real estate brokerage - quarterly update 1/3/2023. Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from First Research Industry Profiles.
- (2023).Nonresidential building construction - quarterly update 1/23/2023. Fort Mill, South Carolina: Mergent. Retrieved from First Research Industry Profiles.
Statista
How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource.
A simple to use statistics portal that integrates statistics from thousands of sources, on topics related to business, media, public policy, health and others. Statistics can be exported in PPT, XLS, PDF, and PNG formats. Some basic content available for free.
- Statista Research Department. (2022, July 26). Consumer confidence in the value of real estate in Canada as of July 2022. Nanos; Bloomberg.. Retrieved from Statista database.
- Statista Research Department. (2022, September 7). Share of real estate investments made in the main property markets in Canada in 2021.Goodman Report. Retrieved from Statista database.
- Statista Research Department. (2021, August 17). Vacancy rates for residential real estate in the Greater Vancouver area from 2009 to 2020.Goodman Report. Retrieved from Statista database.
- Statista Research Department. (2023, January 31).Average house prices in British Columbia, Canada, in 2022, with a forecast until 2024. CREA. Retrieved from Statista database.
- Statista Research Department. (2021, May 31). Number of real estate employees in Canada 2016-2021. StatCan. Retrieved from Statista database.
- Statista Research Department. (2021, May 31). Average weekly wages of real estate employees in Canada from March 2017 to March 2021. StatCan. Retrieved from Statista database.
- Urban Land Institute; PwC. (2021, December 1). Real estate prospects in Canada in 2021, by city. Urban Land Institute; PwC. Retrieved from Statista database.
- (2022). Statista dossier on residential housing in Canada. Statista. Retrieved from Statista database.
- (2022). Statista dossier on office real estate in Canada. Statista. Retrieved from Statista database.
- (2022). Statista dossier on luxury residential real estate in North America. Statista. Retrieved from Statista database.
- Urban Land Institute; PwC. (2021, December 6). Significance of disruptors for the real estate market according to industry experts in the United States in 2023, by issue Retrieved from Statista database.
- Statista Research Department. (2021, October 4). Leading real estate websites in the US, by monthly visits. eBizMBA. Retrieved from Statista database.
- Urban Land Institute. Emerging trends in real estate- United States and Canada 2023. PwC. Retrieved from Statista database.
WARC: World Advertising Research Center
How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource.
WARC has case studies from major companies and advertising agencies, as well as articles from leading advertising journals and unpublished papers. It also includes company profiles, advertising spending statistics, and demographic and economic data.
- (2021). The National Association of Realtors: Coming Home. WARC Awards for Effectiveness. Retrieved from WARC database.
- (2021). Coldwell Banker: Inclusive Ownership Program. SABRE Awards, Gold. Retrieved from WARC database.
- (2021). National Association of REALTORS: The Fight for Fair. WARC Media Awards Entrant, Effective Channel Integration. Retrieved from WARC database.
- (2021). Ceruzzi Properties: The mural @ the centrale. Cannes Creative Lions, Entrant. Retrieved from WARC database.
- Connors, M. (2018, May). Zillow builds out its consumer-insight ambitions. Event Reports: TMRE in Focus. Retrieved from WARC database.
- Golgan-Tilstone, E.; Mullen, M.; Butler, A. (2020). Century 21: Relentless Moves. WARC Awards. Retrieved from WARC database.
Newspapers and News Sources - UBC Library Research Guide
How to access: The guide can be viewed through the link below. Individual resources and databases will have different access requirements.
UBC Library has an excellent collection of current and historical newspapers from B.C., Canada, and around the world. UBC affiliates will have access to these resources.
- Growth slowing down as rate hikes sink in: Shallow contraction expected in early 2023 after Bank of Canada's efforts. (2023, Feb 01). Toronto Star. Retrieved from Canadian Newsstream database.
- Carmichael, K. (2023, Feb 01). Interest rate hikes bringing balance; long high of housing-led growth comes to end. National Post.. Retrieved from Canadian Newsstream database.
- Aldrich, J. (2023, Jan 31). Real estate organizations to vote on merger in march. Calgary Herald. Retrieved from Canadian Newsstream database.
- Aldrich, J. (2023). CREB considers merger with AREA to improve real estate efficiencies. Calgary Herald. Retrieved from Canadian Newsstream database.
- Da Silva, M. (2023). Predictions for the housing market, lower internet costs and stable stocks: Must-read business and investing stories: Plus, the real savings when you own an electric vehicle. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved from Canadian Newsstream database.
Associations & Magazines
Associations & MagazinesAssociations & Magazines Are Great Sources of Industry Information
In this section we have gathered some of the most popular information sources, such as trade journals, magazines, blogs, and association websites. Industry information is always changing. For the latest news, current issues and popular opinions, try following one or more of these sources. In addition, interacting with the websites that provide this information through commenting and asking questions may also provide you with more information.
Associations
Trade associations often publish free industry newsletters that are excellent sources of information for your business plan. Such newsletters often have articles that cover in-depth topics on business management, manufacturing practices, how-tos, and current industry news.
British Columbia Real Estate Association (BCREA) | The provincial group, representing 12 member real estate boards and their approximately 18,000 realtors from across BC.
Real Estate Council of British Columbia | The Real Estate Council of British Columbia (RECBC) is a regulatory agency established by the provincial government in 1958, mandated to protect the public interest by enforcing the licensing and licensee conduct requirements of the Real Estate Services Act.
Start here: Common Licensing Scenarios
Real Estate Foundation of British Columbia | This non profit organization aims to serve the broad spectrum of real estate interests within the province by providing education, research and support for both public and professional real estate needs.
Canadian Real Estate Association | Representing over 96,000 realtors across Canada, the Canadian Real Estate Association represents and promotes the interests its members, enhances members’ professionalism and ability to succeed, and advocates policies that ensure real estate property rights and ownership.
Start here: View the latest Quarterly Forecasts in housing
The Real Estate Institute of Canada | The objective of this professional organization is to advance opportunities for people in real estate by: providing lifelong learning; maintaining a relevant resource center; awarding professional designations; creating networking opportunities; and representing and promoting the real estate industry and profession.
ASAE Gateway to Associations Directory
Use this directory to search for an association by name, interest area, or international geographic location (including Canada and BC). You can also search using a combination of various fields.
Magazines / Trade Journals
Trade journals (often called magazines or trade publications) can be very useful in helping you find current articles relating to business research. Contact your local research library to determine which trade journal subscriptions they have. There are also free trade publications that you can access online.
The Bulletin
The Bulletin is BCREA's quarterly newsletter, featuring real estate news from a provincial perspective. Published 4 of more times per year.
Canadian Real Estate Magazine
Designed to offer readers accurate, cutting-edge information to guide their investment decisions, this magazine contains articles on a range of topics including property values and trends, investment strategies, surveys of particular real estate markets, renovating advice for capital gain, and general tips and traps for buyers, sellers and property investors. Published 12 times per year.
Real Estate Magazine
This magazine is a useful source for news, trends, marketing techniques, listing tools, professional development and more.
Try searching Ulrich's Periodical Directory to develop a list of important trade publications in your industry.
Key Websites
Key WebsitesIf you want a one-stop shop for government reports try the BC Legislative Library catalogue.
Finding The Best Online Information Is Tough
In this section we have gathered some of the most reliable websites for you to use in your research.
Real Estate Council of British Columbia
(RECBC) is a regulatory agency established by the provincial government in 1958. Its mandate is to protect the public interest by enforcing the licensing and licensee conduct requirements of the Real Estate Services Act.
Start here: Real Estate as a Career
MLS.ca / Realtor.ca
Multiple Listings Service (MLS) is a one-stop directory for the current inventory of real estate for sale in Canada.
Zoocasa
Similar to MLS, this newer real estate portal has listings from across Canada. This site offers detailed demographic statistics and real estate trends based on geographic locations. Most listings on Zoocasa are also on MLS, but the information is presented in a more visual manner.
Key Government Websites:
Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation
CMHC is Canada's national housing agency. This agency is a provider of mortgage loan insurance, mortgage-backed securities, housing policy and programs, and housing research.
Start here: Housing Trends in Canada
Start here: Statistics and Data
BC Stats | Current reports and statistics from British Columbia's central statistical agency including labour market information, economic statistics and bankruptcies. Start by searching their Industry section and narrowing by industry type or go to the Business, Industry & Trade page to skim all the different business-related topics.
Start here: Socio-Economic Profiles
Job Bank - Government of Canada
The leading source for labour market information. The site is designed to assist individuals who are searching for work or looking to make career decisions but can also be useful to gage employment trends in an industry. Try using their search portal to explore careers by occupation or review the latest job market trends in your industry.
The Daily - Statistics Canada
The premier source for Canadian statistical information, including census information. Search 'The Daily' releases by subject to identify corresponding census tables, latest news, and publications. Similarly, you can browse by data source, including surveys & questionnaires relevant to your market research, which also link to census tables, latest news and publications.
Start here: Real Estate Agents, Brokers, Appraisers and Other Real Estate Activities (publication)
Start here: Canada at a Glance (publication with a "housing" section, click here for direct link to 2014 update)
Statistics Canada Data | Formerly known as CANSIM, Statistics Canada's key socioeconomic database is updated daily. It is free to search the data tables.
Innovation, Science, and Economic Development Canada
Provides market research, industry statistics, licensing information for intellectual property, and information about doing business internationally. The Industry Canada site features interactive applications such as customizable trade reports, cost calculators, and online business planning guides. You can also search broad Canadian industry statistics.
Start here: Definition - NAICS 531 - Real Estate
Start here: Establishments - NAICS 531 - Real Estate
WorkBC | Find current employment outlooks, labour market information, relevant links, and a geographic representation of the BC workforce. Start by searching your Industry Profile.
Start here: Occupation Profile - Real Estate Agents and Salespersons
Start here: Industry Profile - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate and Leasing
Province of Alberta - Ministry of Labour
Provides information on economic development, labour, trades and apprenticeships as well as industry descriptions and data from the Province of Alberta.
Start here: Industry Profiles
PriceWaterhouse Coopers Canada (PwC) | Global consultancy firm that produces reports on the state of various industries.
Start here: Real Estate Industry
Free US Industry Websites:
Firsthand | A free source of industry information. Use the Industry Profiles to research growing industries and best industries by major, and Company Rankings and Profiles to find news, company information, and industry-specific sample professions. Basic monthly membership is free and offers access to blogs, discussion forums, and job listings.
Start here: Real Estate Leasing and Sales Profile
Start here: Real Estate Management Profile
MarketWatch - Industry Analyzer | The Industries section contains current data on Dow Jones Industry Sectors. Aggregate data as well as company-specific data is available.
CareerOneStop
A good way to research trends in the US labour market. Provides detailed labour information by state.
You might want to jump ahead to the news websites listed in the next section of this Accelerator Guide for more resources. News websites can often be good sources of industry, competitive and consumer information.
Regulations & Guidelines
Regulations & GuidelinesStart With These Websites To Learn More About Compliance Issues
When it comes to starting a business, one of the first decisions you need to make is the the legal structure of your business - sole proprietorship, partnership, limited liability partnership, or limited company. You'll also need to register your business and you'll need to be aware of many municipal, provincial or federal regulations. The websites in this section will help you.
Real Estate Council of British Columbia
(RECBC) is a regulatory agency established by the provincial government in 1958. Its mandate is to protect the public interest by enforcing the licensing and licensee conduct requirements of the Real Estate Services Act.
Canada Business Network - Permits and Licenses Search
Search for the permits and licenses applicable to your industry and location to meet all federal, provincial and municipal regulations.
Small Business BC (SBBC)
SBBC is a great place to start for information on BC specific regulations and guidelines, for whatever stage you are in your business development. This is a great post on the topic.
BizPaL
This is the one-stop website to assist Canadian businesses that are just starting up, or expanding into new areas. BizPaL asks you a short series of questions about the nature and scope of your current or proposed business. Based on your answers, BizPaL provides you with a customized list of government permits and licences that you may require to operate your business. All of the information that you provide is kept anonymous, and you may save or print your results for future reference.
The Province of British Columbia
Provides information on programs and resources available to small business owners in British Columbia. Includes information on taxes and industry regulations. Start with the Permits, Licences & Registrations section.
Find Competitive Info
Find Competitive InfoDo you need to:
- Gather and analyze competitive information?
- Define your competitive edge?
- Use benchmarking tools to create your financial analysis?
- Find competitor information for your own organizational plan?
The resources in this section can help you answer these questions:
- Who are my direct or indirect competitors? Where are they located?
- Who are the leading companies in the real estate industry and what can I learn about them (e.g., what were their revenues)?
- What marketing/promotion strategies are competitors using?
- How many realtors are working in my target region?
- What are my competitors’ strengths and weaknesses and how can I add unique value?
Make a note of all the questions you're hoping to answer.
Tips On Company Research
Tips On Company ResearchCompany Research For Your Competitive Analysis
An in-depth investigation and analysis of your competition is one of the most important components of a comprehensive market analysis. A competitive analysis allows you to assess your competitors' strengths and weaknesses in the marketplace, and to implement effective strategies to improve your competitive advantage. Here are some research strategies for doing your competitive analysis:
- Company directories can be used to create lists of competitors by industry, product line, size, etc.
- Doing a company name search in a general research database is an excellent way to learn more about your competitor’s products, services, prices, and media coverage.
- If your competitors are public companies, learn more about them by reading their financials and annual reports.
- News archives provide a range of competitive information on both public and private companies.
- Patents are a good way to learn about the technical and design features of a competitor's products. You can refer to this UBC Library Research Guide, created by UBC Engineering Librarians, if you are looking for patent information. Most of the resources listed are freely available.
For information on primary and secondary market research, as well as common sources for secondary market research, watch our video tutorial Module One: Introduction To Market Research.
Finding information on public companies is considerably easier than finding information on privately-held companies. Information on public companies is readily available online, or at your local library. Another good starting point is the list of resources in the next section of this Accelerator Guide: Find Competitors. Unlike public companies, private companies are not required to file with the System for Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval (SEDAR). Searching for private company information is considerably more difficult and will require a lot of patience, and a healthy dose of creativity.
Find Competitors
Find CompetitorsUse Directories To Make A List of Competitors
To create a list of competitors and find basic information about them (e.g. number of employees, contact information) you will need to consult business directories. Many directories are available online for free, while others are fee-based commercial databases. You can find directories that are particular to an industry or geography. Your local library will likely have a good collection of directories that you can consult in person.
For further information about secondary market research, see our video tutorial Module Two: Secondary Market Research for Industry Analysis.
If you know of some public companies in your industry, then annual reports can provide a great deal of useful financial information including sales volume, revenue increases, and total market share. You can search the System for Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval (SEDAR) for Canadian Company filings. If the competitor you are researching does business in the US, then you search the Security and Exchange Commissions equivalent, EDGAR, which provides free public access to corporate information including financial information and operations by reviewing registration statements, prospectuses and periodic reports filed on Forms 10-K and 10-Q. You also can find information about recent corporate events reported on Form 8-K that a company does not have to disclose to investors. You can use advanced search features to search by Standard Industry Classification (SIC) codes.
Here is a list of Business Directories
MLS Realtor Search
Use this online tool to quickly locate all of the realtors operating in a geographic location (search by city), or try searching by personal or company name.
B.C. Business Network
The B.C. Business Network is a a dynamic directory of leading B.C. businesses interested in new opportunities and expanding markets. Search companies by keyword or select the sector from the drop down menu to view all companies in a given sector.
Company Directories by Industrial Sector
Use this link to search Industry Canada's various directories by Industry Category, NAICS code or keyword.
Canadian Companies Capabilities
This Industry Canada database has over 60,000 Canadian businesses. You can search within specialized directories for aboriginal businesses, women-owned businesses or specific industries such as computer services or apparel. The business profiles contain comprehensive information on contacts, products, services, trade experience, and technology.
Start here: From the main search page, select Go to Detailed Search. Scroll down to the NAICS code search box and type in 5212 or 5213
ThomasNet
A listing of manufacturers in the US and Canada. Includes links to product catalogs.An excellent free source to research your competitors or find suppliers.
Start here: Product/Service Search - Real Estate
Library Resources
Access to the following sources may be available through your local public or academic library. For information on how to obtain a library card, and for additional information on using libraries in BC, please visit our Getting Access to Library Resources page.
Online maps such as Google Maps or Bing Maps and popular directories such as Yelp are a fast way to locate nearby competitors, and to get a better sense of the region your business operates within. Try searching for the name of your product or industry and narrowing your results by focusing the map on a specific location, such as a city or neighborhood.
Business in Vancouver, Book of Lists
Comprehensive collection of BC business data compiled annually as the popular BIV Book of Lists. Provides data on over 1000 companies including: websites, phone numbers, e-mail addresses, top executives' names, company age, revenues, profits and much more. UBC affiliates and in-person community researchers can obtain access to a print version (here are details on how to locate it) or you can get your own online subscription.
The Blue Book of Canadian Business
Detailed profiles for over 60 Canadian corporations, including missions/values, history, operations, social responsibility and executive biographies. Also contains directory type information for 2,500 Canadian companies, a ranking of the top 500 companies and a list of the top 400 Canadian stocks. UBC affiliates and in-person community researchers can obtain access to a print version of this periodical (here are details on how to locate it at UBC in Vancouver).
Reference Canada
Provides information on more than one million businesses throughout Canada. Includes name, address, phone number, contacts, number of employees, annual sales volumes, line of business, and credit rating. Vancouver Public Library subscribes to this online directory so check with your local library about access.
Attending trade shows is an excellent way to learn more about your competitors. Contact local associations or read trade publications to find out what trade shows are coming to your community.
10Times.com
The largest worldwide online directory of trade fairs, business exhibitions, trade shows, conferences, and seminars for various industries. Search for trade shows by industry, country, date, organizer, or venue.
TSNN.com
Online directory of trade shows, exhibitions, public events, conferences and seminars. Please note: free registration required.
Find Financial Information
Find Financial InformationFind Competitor's Financial Information, Annual Reports, Filings, Etc.
One thing you will need to do in the financials section of your business plan is discuss how you will price your products and/or services, and how this compares to your competitors. You will need to develop a financial plan that includes your projected revenues and net income. The following resources will help you find financial information on competitors in your industry.
Sources For Finding Financial Information:
EDGAR
Filings with the US Securities & Exchange Commission by companies listed on US exchanges. 10-K Forms include detailed information on company history, structure, financial statements, and other relevant data.
Financial Post Infomart
Offers corporate information and financial reports for Canada's leading 500 companies. Includes analytical tools to examine data for approximately 1400 Canadian companies. Use the Industry Reports or Companies by Industry databases. Check out this detailed guide to searching Infomart. Please note:Only some information is free. Check with your local library for complete access to this resource.
Financial Performance Data (formerly SME Benchmarking Tool)
Tool for benchmarking your financial reports with others in your sector. Website also includes a collection of financial data and annual reports of various Canadian companies. For instructions on using the Financial Performance Data click here. To create a report using Financial Performance data click here.
Start here: Create a report for NAICS code 531 - Real Estate
SEDAR
A collection of corporate filings that are required by securities regulators, from companies operating in Canada. This website is an excellent source for information about a company's plans, competitive environment, markets, products, and assets. SEDAR is the Canadian equivalent of EDGAR.
Library Resources
Access to the following sources may be available through your local public or academic library. For information on how to obtain a library card, and for additional information on using libraries in BC, please visit our Getting Access to Library Resources page.
LexisNexis Academic
Provides access to business and financial news, US and international company financial information, market research, industry reports, and actual SEC filings. Search features permit comparison of companies based on criteria such as sales, income, and number of employees. Follow the 'Business' link to find company annual reports, financial, and credit reports. Check your local library to see if they provide access.
Sources For Finding Ratios:
Ratios are tools that allow you to plan and assess your company's progress over time, and to compare it to other companies in the same industry. There are different kinds of ratios, including operating ratios, financial ratios, performance indicators, and benchmarks.
Financial Performance Indicators for Canadian Business
Offers current financial ratios by industry, based on data provided by Statistics Canada. The indicators are designed to serve as financial performance benchmarks against which individual firms and industries can be compared. Affiliates of UBC, UNBC, UVic and SFU have access through Abacus Dataverse. If you are visiting, please contact your local library about access.
News Sources
News SourcesMedia Coverage Can Reveal A Lot About Your Industry and Competitors
News articles can be great sources for understanding what your competitors are planning, what new products they are launching, and important information on how they structure their organization. A librarian can help you find relevant online news articles. Don't forget that you can also use media sources to research business and industry trends.
CanadaNewsWire
A free news database that is searchable by company name, keyword, or industry sector.
NewsLink
Links to local and international news source websites. Provides access to both current and archived news stories, which allows you to track trends over time.
YAHOO! Finance Canada
Excellent source for current Canadian business news. The website also features an extensive business news archive section.
Library Resources
Access to the following sources may be available through your local public or academic library. For information on how to obtain a library card, and for additional information on using libraries in BC, please visit our Getting Access to Library Resources page.
Canadian Business and Current Affairs (CBCA)
How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource. Otherwise, contact your local library to see if they provide access.
Canadian Business and Current Affairs (CBCA)
Provides access to general and specialized business information, current events, and reference materials, including popular and academic journals. Excellent for tracking trends for your specific product or industry.
Canadian Newsstream
How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource. Otherwise, contact your local library to see if they provide access.
Provides full-text access to many Canadian national and regional newspapers. Content is updated daily, following a two-day embargo period. Some content dates back to 1985. You can easily set up an article alert service and receive email updates on your search results. All you need to do is complete your search and click on the Save search/alert link near the top of your results. Provide your email address and then set the notification frequency and you're good to go! Try searching your industry, track information on your competitors or any other topic of your choice.
Market Share & Size
Market Share & SizePutting Together Your Piece Of The Pie
Both market size and market share held by competitors are key factors when assessing the competitive environment. Keep in mind that there is no single source of market size and market share data. Market information is usually pieced together from various sources and is not often readily available for niche or emerging industries. One strategy is to combine a competitor's name or a comparable, established industry with the term market share in article databases or read market research reports. You will need to identify and describe your market – who your customers are and what the demand is for your products and services.
Library Resources
Access to the following sources may be available through your local public or academic library. For information on how to obtain a library card, and for additional information on using libraries in BC, please visit our Getting Access to Library Resources page.
ABI/INFORM Collection
How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource.
Created by ProQuest this database contains full-text articles from over 1,000 business magazines and journals that track business conditions, trends, management techniques, corporate strategies, and industry-specific topics.
Business Source Ultimate
How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource. Otherwise, contact your local library to see if they provide access.
Includes financial data, books, videos, company profiles, SWOT analyses, industry profiles, country reports, market research reports and case studies. Also includes information on industry trends, forecasts, outlooks, competitors, how to run a specific business and much more.
eMarketer
How to access: If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource. Or, contact your local public or academic library for their access details.
Global market research and trend analysis database that focuses on Internet, e-business, online marketing, media, and emerging technologies.
Market Share Reporter
Annual compilation of international market share data on selected companies, products, and services. Helpful tip: Use the back-of-book indexes to look up products, services, brands, and companies. If you are searching for information specific to a certain country, be sure to check the table title.
Try Primary Research
The main point of this guide is to introduce you to a wide range of secondary market research resources but keep in mind there is great value in analyzing other information including:
- Advertising, blogs and sales brochures
- Your personal network and employees
- Direct observation and interviews
Find Customer Info
Find Customer InfoDo you need to:
- Research your customer analysis?
- Identify your target customers?
- Demonstrate how your products and services satisfy your customers' needs?
The resources in this section can help you answer these questions:
- Who is going topay for my services (e.g., home sellers, businesses or...)?
- What is the future outlook of my target market - will their income match local housing prices?
- What do people spend on realtor fees?
- How do buyers/sellers select a realtor?
- What is demographic data and how can it help me research my customers?
Make a note of all the questions you're hoping to answer.
Demographics
DemographicsThe resources listed in this section will help you identify population characteristics, and help you develop your customer profile. This research will also help you identify geographic areas where the largest number of your potential customers live. This can be very useful when determining a location for your business, and also when formulating your marketing strategy. Don't forget that trade associations and trade journals collect information about customers and can be great information sources for this area of your research.
Canadian Household Spending - Statistics Canada
Statistics Canada is the national statistical office. The agency ensures Canadians have the key information on Canada's economy, society and environment that they require to function effectively as citizens and decision makers.
This table provides statistical information about household expenditures by Canadians broken down into a variety of categories. You can refine the table by region. You can view the full list of data tables here.
Census Profile - Statistics Canada
Provides Canadian community profiles from the latest Census of Canada. These profiles are very useful for comparing statistics on different municipalities or regional districts. Includes details on family characteristics, primary language, mobility, educational attainment, marital status, labour force activity, earnings, and mode of transportation to work.
Find latest data from the 2016 Census
Market Research Handbook - Statistics Canada
A comprehensive source of socio-economic statistics. Data includes profiles of key industries, including the small business sector, as well as of consumers in all the provinces and in 45 major cities across Canada. Also includes information on international trade data, households, families, and selected economic indicators. The Market Research Handbook was published annually until 2008 but is now discontinued. A copy of the 2008 version in PDF format is available on their website.
Socio-Economic Profiles - BC Stats
The socio-economic profiles consist of charts and tables for the various regional districts, health areas, college regions and school districts. Each region contains a map, demographic profile, economic hardship, labour market structure, education concerns, crime, health problems, children at risk, and youth at risk. The profiles are presented in a format that allows comparison to other regions in the province and to BC overall.
Library Resources
Access to the following sources may be available through your local public or academic library. For information on how to obtain a library card, and for additional information on using libraries in BC, please visit our Getting Access to Library Resources page.
Canadian Advertising Rates and Data (CARD)
Advertising rates and related data on significant Canadian and international media. Use this resource to obtain statistics on the subscriber population for a particular publication that serves your target market. May be available online through your local academic or public library. Very little information is available for free but you can find more information about CARDonline here. UBC
Alliance for Audited Media
Use this website to find the total circulation of publications by various Canadian Advertising CARD categories.
PCensus
Provides access to detailed Canadian demographic information including population, income, and spending levels by province, city, or postal code. PCensus can also generate custom reports using Census data. Contact Vancouver Public Library or your local research library to obtain access.
Your Target Market
Your Target MarketA Word On Primary Research
The main point of this guide is to introduce you to a wide range of secondary market research resources but keep in mind there is great value in analyzing other information including:
- Advertising, blogs and sales brochures
- Your personal network and employees
- Direct observation, focus groups and interviews with potential customers
Survey of Household Spending - Statistics Canada
Raw data in table form from the Survey of Household Spending (SHS). This general resource provides information on household spending by demographics. Report includes detailed information on Canadian spending patterns, household equipment, and housing conditions. Also includes the ability to view data from British Columbia only; click on "Add/Remove Data".
Library Resources
Access to the following sources may be available through your local public or academic library. For information on how to obtain a library card, and for additional information on using libraries in BC, please visit our Getting Access to Library Resources page.
Vividata (formerly "Print Measurement Bureau")
Includes information on Canadians' usage of over 3500 products and services. Information includes demographics, attitudes, media consumption, retail outlets, frequency of usage and brands used. UBC affiliates and in-person library patrons can learn more about the resource here.
Marketresearch.com/Freedonia Focus
How to access: Check your local public or academic library to see about access. If you are a UBC student, staff, faculty or in-person library visitor you can access this resource.
While you can search this website only some Canadian libraries provide full-text access to the market research reports on industries and demographics for North American industries. They can range from 50 to 400+ pages in length, and contain charts, tables, and graphs, and key facts. Marketresearch.com has varied industry coverage and includes US and international information.
FP Markets - Canadian Demographics
This publication updates key census variables at the municipal level to the current year. It also includes psychographic data as well as economic and retail trade estimates. In addition to census data, FP Markets also includes data for PSYTE categories or "clusters" of characteristics (age, income, ethnic origin, neighbourhoods, dwelling types, buying preferences and other data derived from the census and consumer surveys).The Canadian version of PSYTE classifies Canadians according to 65 clusters of characteristics. This is the version used in FP Markets. If the cluster descriptions fit your target market, you may find the PSYTE data in FP Markets a useful supplement to other data in your report. Follow this link for more information on PSYTE® Canada Advantage Cluster Descriptions.